• - •■ 








COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT: 



A TEXT BOOK 

ON 

THE DE VERE SYSTEM 

OF 

SHORTHAND 



A course of practical lessons simpli- 
fied for self instruction, and adapted 
for use m Public Schools, Business 
Colleges, and Private Teacners 

By 

A: T. DeVERE-M. BOLET 



Published by 

THE DEVERE SHORTHAND 
PUBLISHING & SUPPLY CO. 

(Incorporated) 

25 WEST 42nd STREET 
NEW YORK CITY 






y%^\ 



ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 

infringements will be prosecuted to the full 
extent of the law. 



COPYRIGHT, 1914. 

(United States and England) 

By 

A. T. DE VERE — M. BOLET. 



FEB 12 1914 



©C/.A362541 



PREFACE 



THE DE VERE SYSTEM is an entirely new departure 
in the method of writing and reading shorthand. 

Differing from all other systems of shorthand, it teaches 
to write and read words by syllable. The pupil is not con- 
fused by rules and exceptions, but is taught to write and 
read shorthand from the first lesson, exactly as it has been 
used by the author for twenty-two years in professional 
work, as an expert shorthand reporter, secretary, and teacher. 

By the DE VERE SYSTEM every syllable has a cor- 
responding sign in shorthand. The pupil memorizes syllables 
instead of separate letters, or groups of letters. These syl- 
lables are joined, forming words. This is the foundation of 
the DE VERE SYSTEM. 

Every spoken word is made up of one or more distinct 
syllables. No one speaks a word without giving utterance to 
some syllable. When we say "pit" Ave do not name the three 
letters "p, i, t," but we give the sound of the three blended 
together, as one syllable. By the DE VERE SYSTEM the 
word "pit" is recognized as one syllable, and learned in its 
entirety, instead of learning the three separate letters of which 
the word is composed. This is just as easy as to resort to 
the old, cumbersome method of picking out the three sepa- 
rate characters. 

With the time-wasting old shorthand alphabet, a pupil 
was considered "bright" that could master the sounds of the 
letters, rules, and exceptions, and complete a course in short- 
hand within six months. 

It has been demonstrated by a large number of success- 
ful graduates that shorthand can be learned by the DE VERE 
METHOD in much less time, advancement from the start 
being far more rapid. No rules to confuse. 

Writing by syllable is the key that unlocks the secret of 
success in the shorthand profession to all. 

A. T. DE VERE. 

New York Citv, December, 1913. 



Letter From a Tnree Months' Graduate 

m 

Thanks to the DE VERE SYSTEM 
of Shorthand, my start in the Secretarial field 
has been delightful. So thorough is the method, 
that I have absolutely no trouble in taking 
and transcribing the most difficult work, which 
fact has enabled me to act as private executive 
as well as social secretary. This entails taking 
shorthand notes from the foremost financiers, 
statesmen, social leaders, et cetera. 

I am rapidly reaching the "top of the 
ladder/' and the highest-point of success does 
not seem an impossible feat with the De Vere 
System as a foundation. 

(Signed) EDITH TERRY, 

Social Secretarv. 



The DE VERE 
System of Shorthand 



□ 



LESSON ONE 

SHORTHAND is the art of writing by sound. By 
the DE VERE SYSTEM of shorthand words are written by 
syllables instead of letter by letter as they are in longhand. 



Each syllable has a corresponding sign in short- 
hand that stands for the way it is pronounced in a word. 
Words are reproduced in shorthand exactly as they sound 
when spoken in the course of conversation, the spelling of 
a word having nothing whatever to do with the way it is 
written in shorthand. 



To write a word in shorthand by the De Vere System 
the word should be pronounced in syllables. Write 
the shorthand character that stands for the first syllable in 
the word, then the stroke that represents the sound of the 
next syllable, joining the strokes that stand for the syllables, 
the second one commencing where the preceding one ends, 
writing the entire word without stopping at the end of syl- 
lables or raising the pencil from the paper. 



The student must understand clearly that shorthand is 
a reproduction of spoken words. The ear must be trained to 
hear words as they sound when spoken quickly, not as they 
sound when pronounced slowly and clearly, syllable by 
syllable. 

In ordinary conversation many vowels and even some 
consonants are slurred and obscure. Many beginners make 
the error of trying to reproduce in shorthand the exact vowel 
sounds heard in a word when it is correctly pronounced. Do 
not attempt to do this, for exact vowel sounds are very rarely 
heard. Compare the syllables "er" in "pardoner" and "or" 
in the word "honor." 

All shorthand syllables are pronounced with the sound 
of short vowels. Pronounce the consonant sounds in a syl- 
lable clearly — but touch lightly on the vowel sounds — for 
the vowels will take care of themselves. 

In order to indicate as near as possible the accented vowel 
in the first syllable of a word, the shorthand characters repre- 
senting syllables are placed in different positions. The first 
position is above the line; the second position is on the line; 
the third position is below the line. 

The pronunciation of the first syllable of a word deter- 
mines the position the entire word should be written in. If 
a word commences with a first position syllable, write the first 
syllable in its proper position above the line, the syllables 
following joined without regard to position. 

If a word commences with a second position syllable, the 
entire word is written in the second position. 

All words commencing with vowel sounds are written in 
the third position. 

PROPER names, or words commencing with capital let- 
ters are indicated by two small ditto marks written under 
the word. 

All shorthand strokes should be of the same length. Ver- 
tical and slanting strokes are written downward, and hori- 
zontal strokes are written from left to right. 

The syllables "ri" and "hi" are the only slanting strokes 
written upward. 

8 



SHORTHAND SYLLABLES EXPRESSED BY 
STRAIGHT AND SLANTING STROKES. 

(Give short vowel accent to all syllables.) 

FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES. 

pi bi ti di chi ji ki gi ri hi 
\ \ 1 1 / / / S 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES, 
pe be te de cha )a ka ga re ha 

^\^.A_L-.J^.Z.-./-.-^.<- Z__^_ 

THIRD POSITION SYLLABLES, 
ep eb Ct ed ech ej ek eg fri 

The pronunciation of the first syllable in a word deter- 
mines its position. Syllables following- are joined without 
regard to position, and pronounced as follows: 

pi, pa bi> ba ti, ta di, da chi, cha 

...A ..A 1 I Z_ 

ji, ja ki, ka ge, ga ra, ry ha, he 

a _-. __„_^_ ^ 

WORDS WRITTEN BY SYLLABLES. 

Words (Written phonetically) Words (Written phonetically) 

pity pi-ti L-^ _-* charity cha-ri-ti „^L 

a-ri-ti ^_ 



Eddie €d-di _„.L rarity ra 



di „^J rarity 



/I 
rickety ri-ka-ti 1 tgg eg 



, _^__ 



chatty cha-ti Ji_ _. carry ka-ri ., m 



HOW TO WRITE WORDS IN SHORTHAND. 

The beginner should spend much time in outlining words 
orally, and writing them in shorthand by sound, paying no 
attention to the number of letters a word may contain. 

Pronounce a word in syllables, and use the sign that 
stands for each syllable. For example, take the word "pity" ; 
it is a word of two syllables, pronounced "pi-ty." The first 
syllable of the word is "pi," which is a first position syllable, 
thereby placing the word in the first position. The syllable 
must be written so that it ends above the line, which indicates 
the position of the word. The second syllable, "ty," com- 
mences where the first syllable, ''pi," ends, and continues 
down, the same length as the syllable "pi." It does not mat- 
ter if the syllable "ti" in the word "pity" touches the line, 
because the first downward syllable in the word ends or rests 
in the position the word should occupy, and all other syllables 
simply follow in their natural direction. 

Words that commence with horizontal strokes should 
be written so that the first downward stroke that follows the 
horizontal stroke ends or rests in the position of the first 
syllable. As an example : The name "Kitty" is a first posi- 
tion word, because its first syllable is a first position syllable. 
As "ki" is expressed by a horizontal stroke, it should be 
written high enough to allow the first downward stroke that 
follows to end above the line, in order to show that the word 
is a first position word. 

The word "petty" is a two syllable word, pronounced 
"pe-ty." The first syllable, "pe," is a second position syllable, 
which places the word in the second position. The syllable 
"pe" is therefore written so that it touches or ends at the line, 
and the following syllable, "ty," commences where "pe" ends, 
extends below the line. 

The word "charity" is a three syllable word, pronounced 
"cha-ri-ty." The first syllable, "cha," is a second position 
syllable, which places the word in the second position. The 
syllable "cha" therefore ends at the line; the next syllable, 
"ri," is an upward stroke, commencing where the syllable 
"cha" ends, and extends upward the same length as "cha," 
and is followed by the syllable "ty," which is written down- 
ward, commencing where "ri" ends, and extends to the line. 

10 



Syllables are always written in their regular direction 
no matter where they may occur in a word. Care must be 
used in observing- that the first downward stroke in a word 
ends in the position the word should occupy. 

The word "ditty" is a two syllable word. The first syl- 
lable, "di," is a first position syllable, and is therefore written 
so that it ends above the line ; the second syllable, "ty," com- 
mences where the syllable "di" ends, and extends to the line; 
it is written in the same direction as the syllable "di," the 
difference being "di" is made heavy, and "ty" is made light. 
The word should be written by one stroke of the pencil. 

The name ''Eddie'' is a third position word, because it 
commences with a vowel. The first syllable, "ed," is a down- 
ward stroke, and should be written one-half above the line, 
and half below the line, in order that it may end in the third 
position, which is below the line. The second syllable com- 
mences where preceding one ends, continuing its proper length 
downward. 

The word "rarity" is a word of three syllables, pro- 
nounced "ra-ri-ty." The first syllable, "ra," is a second posi- 
tion svllable ; it therefore begins on the line, and is written 
with an upward slanting stroke. The second syllable is also 
"ri," and continues upward. The last syllable, "ti," begins 
where the second syllable, "ri," ends, and is w r ritten down- 
ward, the length of one stroke, ending parallel with the be- 
ginning of the second syllable, "ri." 

The word ''carry" begins with a horizontal stroke. As the 
syllable "ka" is a second position syllable, it is written on the 
line, the syllable "ry" commencing where the syllable "ka" 
ends. 

The word "egg" is a word of one syllable, written with 
the syllable "eg/' entirely below the line. 

AYords composed of horizontal strokes are written en- 
tirely above, on, or below the line, according to the position 
of their first syllable. 

A shorthand period is expressed by a small cross or x. 

The proper length of a shorthand stroke is one-sixth of 
an inch. 

ii 



PRONUNCIATION OF SYLLABLES. 



FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES. 

The syllable "pi" is pronounced as heard in the word 
"pity"; it is also pronounced "po," as heard in the word "pot- 
tery." The syllable "bi" is pronounced as heard in the 
word "biddv"; it is also pronounced "bo," as heard in the 
word "body." 

The syllable "ti" is pronounced like the last syllable of 
the word "pity" ; it is also pronounced "to," as in the word 
"toddy." The syllable "di" is pronounced as in the word "ditty" ; 
it is also pronounced "do," as in the word "docket." 

The syllable "chi" is pronounced as in the word "chic- 
ory" ; it is also pronounced "cho," as in the word "choppy." 
The syllable "ji" is pronounced as heard in the word "jiffy"; 
it is also pronounced "jo," as heard in the word "jockey." 

The syllable "ki" is pronounced as heard in the word 
"Kittie"; it is also pronounced "ko," as heard in the word 
"copy." The syllable "gi" is pronounced as heard in the word 
"giddy" : it is also pronounced "go," as heard in the word 
"bigotry." 

The syllable "ri" is pronounced as heard in the word 
"rickety" ; it is also pronounced "ro," as in the word "rocky." 

The syllable "hi" is pronounced as heard in the word 
"hideous." 

SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

The syllable "pe" is also pronounced "pa," "pu," "poo," 
as heard in the words "petty," "puddy," "parody," and 
"poorly." 

The syllable "be" is also pronounced "bu," "ba," as heard 
in the words "Betty," "bucket," "barricade." 

The syllable "te" is also pronounced "ta," "tu," as heard 
in the words "Teddy," "tabby," "tunnel." 

The syllable "de" is also pronounced "du," and "da," as 
heard in the words "dedicate," "duchy," and "daddy." 

12 



The syllable "che" is also pronounced "cha" and "chut," 
as heard in the words "cherub," "charity," and "chubby." 

The syllable "je" is also pronounced "ja," and "ju," as 
heard in the words "jetty," "jacket," and "jugular." 

The syllable "ke" is also pronounced "ka," "cu," and 
"coo," as heard in the words "Kelly," "caddie," "cutlet," and 
"cooperage." 

The syllable "ge" is also pronounced "ga," "gu," "goo," 
as heard in the words "garage," "gulley," and "goodies." 

The syllable "re" is also pronounced "ra," "ru," and 
"roo," as heard in the words "ready," "radish," "ruddv," and 
"rookery." 

THIRD POSITION SYLLABLES. 

The syllable "ep" is also pronounced "ap," "up," "op," 
"ip," as heard in the words "epithet," "appetite," "opera," 
and "upright." 

The syllable "eb" is also pronounced "ab," "ob," "ib," 
as heard in the words "ebb," "abdicate," and "obdurate." 

The syllable "et" is also pronounced "it," "at," "lit," "ot," 
as heard in the words "etiquette," "atlas," "Otto," and "utter." 

The syllable "ed" is also pronounced "ad," "od," "ud," 
as heard in the words "Eddie," "admit," "odd," and "udder." 

The syllable "ech" is also pronounced "ich," as heard in 
the words "etch," "itch." 

The syllable "ej" is also pronounced "aj," as heard in the 
words "edge," "agitate." 

The syllable "ek" is also pronounced "ak," "ok," as heard 
in the words "echo," "acrobat," and "October." 

The syllable "eg" is also pronounced "ag," "og," "ug," 
as heard in the words "egg," "agony," and "ugly." 

The syllable "eri" is also pronounced "ari," "ori," and 
"iri," as heard in the words "era," "irritate," "oracle." 

The sound of any vowel preceding a word will place the 
word in the third position. 

13 



Be careful to form each stroke correctly. 

The syllables are arranged in pairs of a light and a shaded 
stroke. 

The syllables "pi" and "hi" are downward strokes slant- 
ing from left to right. 

The syllables "ti" and "di" are vertical strokes, w r ritten 
downward. 

The syllables "cha" and "ja" are downward strokes, slant- 
ing from right to left. 

The syllables "ka" and "ga" are horizontal strokes, writ- 
ten from left to right. 

The syllable "ry" is an upward stroke, similar to the syl- 
lable "cha," the difference being that "ry" slants a trifle more 
than the syllable "cha" ; "cha" is invariably written down- 
ward, while "ry" is an upward stroke. 

The syllable "hy" is an upward slanting stroke, commenc- 
ing with a short tick, to distinguish it from the syllable "ry." 

WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

giddy tippy ready jetty Betty Ed chicory 



14 



HOW TO PRACTICE. 



Always write on ruled paper. Use a good quality of 
paper, and a pen or a medium soft pencil. If a pencil is used, 
have it sharpened at both ends, to save time should the point 
break. Hold the pen or pencil LIGHTLY between the first 
and second fingers, writing with a free arm movement. Cul- 
tivate a light touch. Should a mistake occur do not stop to 
erase, but strike it out. 



Practice the strokes that stand for the syllables tw^o 
by two, first a light, then a heavy stroke. Practice each pair 
of strokes at least fifty times. Be sure that each stroke is 
of the same length, and that it is correctly formed. 

DO NOT DRAW THE OUTLINES. Practice carefully 
until each shorthand stroke can be correctly formed ; then practice 
writing them quickly, and continue until each pair of strokes 
can be quickly and correctly written. 



Practice each word given in the lesson at least fifty times. 
Read the syllables and words from your shorthand notes. If 
you find difficulty in reading, review the entire lesson, until 
you can write and read each syllable and word in it without 
the slightest hesitation. 



Do not attempt to write any word that is not given in 
your lesson. 



15 



LESSON TWO 

SYLLABLES EXPRESSED BY SINGLE CURVED 

STROKES. 



In this lesson we take up the syllables expressed by single 
curved strokes. The curves will be found very difficult to 
memorize and execute, and patient and persistent practice is 
necessary to give each curve its correct form. 

Study and practice thoroughly the syllables expressed 
by curved strokes, which are arranged in pairs of a light and 
heavy stroke. Do not memorize the syllables without writing 
them at the same time. The hand must be trained to execute 
the characters as well as the mind to retain them. Pronounce 
each syllable as you write it. Syllables are only written in 
position when they commence a word. 

After these syllables have been thoroughly memorized, 
practice writing the syllables in the First, Second and Third 
position. Remember that the different positions give differ- 
ent vowel accent to the syllables, and aid in the pronunciation 
of a word by indicating how the first syllable of the word is 
pronounced. 

The syllable "mi," when occurring in the middle or end 
of a word, is written shorter and higher than the syllable 
"em" (army). 

The syllable "an" when occurring in the middle or end 
of a word is made slightly higher and shorter than the syl- 
lable "ni." 

Do not leave the syllables until each curve can be cor- 
rectly formed, and written without hesitancy. 

Practice writing words with curved strokes in the same 
way as with straight and slanting characters. Pay no atten- 
tion to the spelling of a word ; write the word syllable by syl- 
lable, exactly as it is pronounced. 

16 



SYLLABLES EXPRESSED BY CURVED STROKES. 

fi,fa vi,va thi the es,os,as sy,zy ishsha 

A- S i 1 ). Y...J..JL. 

la.ly ar,er,ir el,al ememp mi,ma en, 

an ang na.ny way yea 

„..^...._... :jv_£ 

Pronunciation of syllables when placed in the 
FIRST POSITION. 

fi vi thi si zi shi li mi ni 

v. ^ ( ) > j r — w 

Pronunciation of syllables when placed in the 
SECOND POSITION. 

fa va tha sa za sha la ma map na way yea 

. a. a_._lj .a ..j..r.. :^. ^.._.x/l. 

Pronunciation of syllables when placed in the 
THIRD POSITION. 

ef ev eth es ez esh ezh ala 

.. W -V--<-->---)--->-->-7^- 
ar am amp an ang away 



WORDS WRITTEN BY SYLLABLES. 

Written phonetically. Words. Written phonetically. 



fidgety fi-ja-ty <^_ 



busy 



bi-sy ._. J. 



army ar-my 



-V~ 



villa 


vMa .SC... 


Elsie 


El-sy .../I... 
li-ne-al ..LA. 


lineal 


17 





The syllables "fi," "vi," "ith," "the," "es," "sy," "sha," 
"zha," "el," "ar," "way," "yea" are written downward. The 
syllable "ish" is written upwards. 

The syllable "ly" is also an upward stroke. 

The syllables "em," "mi," "en," "ny," "ung" are written 
from left to right. 

PRONUNCIATION OF FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES. 

The syllable "fi" is also pronounced "fo," as heard in the 
words "fidgety" and "folly." 

The syllable "vi" is also pronounced "vo," as heard in 
the words "vivid" and "volley." 

The syllable "thi" is also pronounced "tho," as heard in 
the words "thistle" and "thoughtful." 

The syllable "si" is also pronounced "so," as heard in 
the w r ords "cereal" and "sodd}^." 

The syllable "zy" is pronounced as heard in the word 
"dizzy." 

The syllable "shi" is also pronounced "sho," as heard in 
the words "chivalry" and "shoddy." 

The syllable "li" is also pronounced "lo," as heard in the 
names "Lillie" and "Lottie." 

The syllable "mi" is also pronounced "mo," as heard in 
the words "military" and "money." 

The syllable "ni" is also pronounced "no," as heard in 
the words "nonny" and "knobby." 



PRONUNCIATION OF SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

The syllable "fe" is also pronounced "fa," "fu," "foo," as 
heard in the words "feathery," "family," "funny," "foolery." 

"The syllable "ve" is also pronounced "va," as heard in 
the words "venison" and "valley." 

The syllable "the" is also pronounced "tha," as pro- 
nounced in "Thackery." 



The syllable "se" is also pronounced "su," as heard in the 
words "sachet," "sumach." 

The syllable "she" is also pronounced "sha," "shu," as 
heard in the words "chevalier/' "shabby/' "shoddy," "shutter," 

The syllable "la" is also pronounced "le," "lu," as heard 
in the words "lavish," "levity," "lucky." 

The syllable "me" is also pronounced "ma," "mu," "moo," 
as heard in the words "many," "mummy," "moody." 

The syllable "map" is pronounced like the word "map." 

The syllable "ne" is also pronounced "na," "nil," as heard 
in the words "Nettie," "natty," "nugget." 

The syllable "way" is pronounced like the word "weigh" 
or "way." 

The syllable "yea" is pronounced as heard in the word 
"yellow." 

PRONUNCIATION OF THIRD POSITION SYLLABLES. 

The syllable "ef" is also pronounced "of," "af," as heard 
in the words "effigy," "off," "afar." 

The syllable "ev" is also pronounced "av," as heard in 
the words "every," "average." 

The syllable "eth" is also pronounced "ath," as heard in 
the words "ethnic" and "athlete." 

The syllable "es" is also pronounced "as," "os," as heard 
in the words "espy," "asbestos," "osier." 

The syllable "ash" is pronounced like the word "ash." 

The syllables "ala" are pronounced as heard in the word 
"Alabama." 

The syllable "el" is also pronounced "al," "il," "ol," "ul," 
as heard in the words "Elsie," "alimony," "illegal," "oligarch." 
(The syllable "el" is always written downwards. The syl- 
lables "ala" is an upward stroke.) 

The syllable "am" is also pronounced "em," "im," "um," as 
heard in the words "am," "empty," "immunity," "umbrella." 

19 



The syllable "emp" is also pronounced "imp," as heard 
in the word "impish." 

The syllable "an" is also pronounced "en," "in," "un," 
as heard in the words "Annie," "enmity," "image," "uncanny." 

Practice each pair of syllables fifty times, comparing your 
work with the engraved plates. Do not leave this lesson until 
each syllable can be instantly written, and words can be formed 
without stopping to think how the syllable is formed. 

Write the following words for correction. Sound each 
word by syllable, using the syllables as directed, being care- 
ful to put the first syllable of a word in its proper position. 

WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

dizzy, heavy, empty, envy, pillory, penny, Jennie, Fannie, 
Jessie, Ezra, Annie, impish, ash, map, gummy, shoddy, Lillie, 
funny, enmity, chilly, agony, Jimmie, jiffy, taffy. 



20 



LESSON THREE 

SHORTENED SYLLABLES. 

ALL syllables ending with a final sound of "t" or "d" 
arc shortened one-half of their usual length. The shortening 
of the syllable adding the sound of "t" or "d." 

Many beginners make the error of calling the syllables 
"ti" and "di" by the names "t" and "d." It must be kept in 
mind that we are writing by syllables, not letters of the alpha- 
bet, or sounds of the letters of the alphabet. The syllables 
"ti" and "di" express vowel sounds as well as consonants, and 
can never be used in any other w^ay but as syllables. 

The shortened syllables are used in exactly the same way 
as the straight and curved strokes, and are pronounced the 
same, the exception being that the shortened syllables end 
with the sound of either "t" or "d" 

Many syllables are obscure when the word is spoken 
quickly, as the stenographer must hear it in doing actual 
stenographic work. 

It is therefore important that words are written from the 
beginning exactly as they should be written in taking steno- 
graphic notes. Write only such syllables as are necessary. 
For example, take the word "battery." Although the word 
divided in syllables would be "bat-ter-ry," the stenographer 
simply hears "bat-ry" when the word is dictated. The proper 
stenographic outline for the word "battery" would therefore 
be "bat-ry." 

Practice hearing words as they sound when dictated in 
a business letter, or during ordinary conversation, and use 
only the syllables actually heard. 

As before directed, touch lightly on the vowel sounds; 
the short vowels are so similar, no confusion would result if 
mispronounced in a word or syllable. We can easily under- 
stand a foreigner speaking broken English, although each 
word may be mispronounced. Actual vowel sounds are not 
heard when taking stenographic notes. 

Be careful to make the shortened syllables half the size 
of regular length syllables. 

21 



SYLLABLES EXPRESSED BY SHORTENED STROKES, 
pet Det tet det chet jet ket get ret het fet vet 

tliet est shet let elt art met net ent wate yate 



(They may also be pronounced ped, bed, ted, ded, died, jed, 
kcd, ged. red, hed, fed, ved, thed, shed, ledfard. eld, med, ned, 
end, wade, yade). 

FII*ST POSITION SYLLABLES. 

pit bit tid dit chit jit kit git rit hit 
\\/ I / t ~~ — s <? 



fit vit thit shid lit mit nit 

v. ^ ( J r ~ w 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

pet bat tet det chat jet kut get ret hat 

__\ \ i I / /_____ /._.^T- 

fat'vet^thot shet let met not wate yate 

THIRD POSITION SYLLABLES. 

apt ebd echd ejd akt egd aft este ult 

art emet ant awate 

-v — >--— — \ 

22 



(Continued from Page 22). 
WORDS (Written phonetically). 

tidbit, tid-bit__S fidget, fid-get. JX battery, bat-ry__.V_, 

rigid, ri-jed cigarette, si-ga-ret , 



•hatchet, ha-chet_<£_L_ rivit, ri-vet_„ cutlet. 

jmidway, mid-way : writ, rit 



kut-let. 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

cadet, caddy, debt, debit, ballet, jetty, jet, met, net, get, bit, 
bet, pit, pet, jagged, pettish, petted, bit, chatted, chit, mitt, 
midway, rigid, rapid, rapidly, carry, tarry, tarried, marry, 
married, tibbet, chat, hat, apt, ebbed, etched, act, aft, Emmet, 
ant, await, kidney, ticket, latchet, petal. 



In writing words containing double letters, be careful 
to not repeat syllables. The word "married" should be writ- 
ten in shorthand "ma-red," the word "tarry" should be writ- 
ten "ta-ry," the word "carried" should be written "ka-red." 

Third position syllables are used in writing words such 
as "etched," using the syllable "echd." The word "act" is 
expressed by the syllable "akt," "ebbed" is expressed by 
"ebd," etc. The spelling of a word having nothing whatever 
to do with the way it is written in shorthand. 

Review each lesson every day, and practice at least five 
pages in your stenographic note book of every word the les- 
sons contain, reading back from your shorthand notes. 

Write carefully the words given in each lesson for cor- 
rection. 

23 



LESSON FOUR 

WORD-SIGNS. 

In shorthand as in longhand we have abbreviations for 
the most frequently occurring- words and phrases. 

In longhand "Collect on Delivery" is expressed by the 
abbreviation C. O. D. The dollar sign stands for the words 
"dollar" or "dollars." The abbreviations "cts." and "0" stand 
for the word "cents." The names of the States are abbre- 
viated, as are the days of the week, as well as a large number 
of frequently occurring business words, such as "ft.," foot : 
"frt," freight; "lb.," pound; "gal.," gallon; "h. p.," horse 
power; "N.," north; "S.," south; "sq.," square; "c. p.," candle 
power. 

In shorthand we have abbreviations for the commonly 
occurring words, and business phrases which the stenograph- 
ers must write over and over again. These abbreviations are 
called "WORD-SIGNS" and should be given careful atten- 
tion, as the words they represent are those occurring most 
frequently in stenographic work. 

These signs are placed in different positions, some above 
the line, some on the line, some below or through the line. 
The principle of "Position" (placing words according to the 
accented vowel in the first syllable) having nothing to do 
with the positions occupied by word-signs. They are many 
times placed in certain positions simply to avoid conflict with 
some word having a similar outline. Two words may be 
expressed by the same outline in shorthand, the context of 
the sentence preventing confliction. In longhand many words 
are spelled alike, such as "tear" and "tear" (tare), but no diffi- 
culty is experienced in reading the proper word. It is the 
same in writing and reading shorthand. 

Memorize the word-signs thoroughly. Practice them two 
by two, line after line, hundreds of times, pronouncing them 
aloud as you do so. They can only be memorized by patient 
and persistent practice, and reading them from your short- 
hand notes. As these words are the ones occurring most fre- 
quently in stenographic work, a daily review of them should 
be taken in order to write them instantly and read them with- 
out hesitation. 

24 



WORD SIGNS. 

he.j^Tl_ are_^TC- each ;.. which,. /_ much y£ 

will_../f_ h^vp V however.. %^ think C 

thank../ they, them...C was.. J) whose.. \_.. A 

common come wish shall. ___*/__ 

usual. _*£._ him.^rc^-- home__^^ in any..'. w 

give together | time it 1 at i_. your ^_ 

that without_.C if for_\ off. I __ 

dollar had.. | hear.7^1 her our.^. 

SENTENCES. 
Shall he come for them? Betty had pity for Annie. 

LS. \ !_*_____> v _j-X_V______>c 

"I ' ^-^ 

Shall he give him your cigarette? 

-^L^Z-^JL-Xjl* ...... 



He had your heavy hatchet. He was in her debt. 

They met at her home. Let him wait for her. 

._-£__^_l____„___*_ ^-^vA^A^ 

He will thank them if they will come at any time. 

They have your dollar. ^ He will give it for charity. 

jjlxJj ^r.z:_-__. s^.jki * 

He will marry Kittie. He carried her jacket for her. 
— I 



25 



LESSON FIVE 

LONG VOWELS. 

Although very few vowels are used in actual stenographic 
work, yet the stenographer may meet unusual words or tech- 
nical phrases which require vocalization. A thorough knowl- 
edge of the vowels are therefore very necessary, and they 
should be thoroughly memorized and placed in words for 
practice, until they can be put in a word instantly and cor- 
rectly, without the slightest hesitation. 

The long vowels are expressed by heavy dots and dashes, 
which are placed at the side of syllable stems. The vowels 
are placed at the beginning, middle and end of a syllable, 
and called first, second and third place vowels. 

The first place is where the syllable begins. 

The second place is the middle of the syllable. 

The third place is at the end of the syllable. 

On stems which are written downward, the first place 

is at the top counting downwards. On stems written upward 
the first place is at the bottom, counting upwards. 

The long sound of "e," as heard in the word "tea," is 
expressed by a heavy dot, written in the first place, or be- 
ginning of the syllable stem. 

The long sound of "a," as heard in the word "day," is 
expressed by a heavy dot written in the second place or mid- 
dle of the syllable stem. 

The long sound of "ah," as heard in the word "mamma," 
is expressed by a heavy dot, written in third place or end of 
the syllable stem. 

The long sound of "aw," as heard in the word "saw," is 
expressed by a heavy dash written in the first place, or be- 
ginning of the syllable stem. 

The long sound of "o," as heard in the word "so," is ex- 
pressed by a heavy dash written in the second place or middle 
of the syllable stem. 

26 









LONG VOWELS. 


/ 

A 
3 


• e as 

• a as 

• ah as 


in tea 
in say 
in rah 


/ 

J 
3 


-aw as in saw 
-o as in so 
_oo as in shoe 



Syllables containing the sound of First Place long vowels, "e" and 
"aw," are placed in the 



FIRST POSITION. 



pee. 
jee. 
fee. 



\ 



bee. 



\ 



/• 



kee.l. 



tee_ 
gee. 



dee. 



r 



ree_ 



vee._:rr thee X see L 



lee „ mee 1 nee * wee 

^ <w r 

baw four . a**\\t 

li kaw.JTT. 



*s 



paw 
jaw. 
faw In vaw. 



taw...' daw_ 

gaw. iT"! raw_ 



<_ 



thaw. 



c 



saw 






chee. 


/* 


. hee. 


<s 


shee. 


J' 


- yee. 


r 


chaw. 


/- 


haw. 


^ 


. shaw 
yaw. 


r 



f ^ ^ ^\ 

law._l maw. j naw.J waw 1. yaw 



Syllables containing the sound of any other long vowel sound are 

placed in the 

SECOND POSITION. 



pay.^N, bay._^s.._ tay^„r„. 

jay.../*... kay.__ gay 

fay..^_. vay_.V^_ thay. _.£__ 



layl.ZCI. may_^^_ nay. 



day.. 11 chay../!.. 

_ ray..^f.. hay. _<£*!. 

- say }•_„ shay Jt m 

-- way„lX.„ yea../5_ 



27 



The long sound of "oo," as heard in the word "shoe," 
is expressed by a heavy dash written in the third place, or 
end of a syllable stem. 

If a vowel is written at the right of an upright or slanting 
syllable stem, or above a horizontal stem, the vowel is read 
first. 

If a vowel is written at the left of an upright or slanting 
syllable stem, or below a horizontal syllable stem, the vowel 
is read last. 

Dash vowel signs should be struck at a right angle to the 
stem by which they are placed. The syllable stems are writ- 
ten first, the vowels placed afterwards. 



PHRASING. 

In writing shorthand, often two or more words can be 
easily joined together without taking the pencil from the 
paper. This method of joining words is called "phrasing." 
Words should never be phrased that do not make a good 
outline, easy to write. The first word of a phrase should be 
written in its proper position, the words following joined 
without regard to position. 



PHRASING "A," "AN," "AND," "THE." 

The words "a," "an," "and," "the" occur so often in a 
sentence that to stop and express them by dots would take 
too much time. They are therefore phrased or joined to 
other words by means of very short ticks; "a," "an," "and" 
are expressed by a short straight tick, struck either up or 
down, usually downward. The word "the" is expressed by 
a small slanting tick. These small ticks may be used in the 
middle or end of a phrase, but never at the beginning. 

Practice carefully the words containing vowels ; learn the 
vowel places thoroughly, and do not leave the lesson until 
you can write every word sign from memory, and place the 
vowels instantly and correctly in words in which they may 
occur. 

28 



\. v I. I / 

pah bah „ tah^ w dah chah 

jah , fc kah„ fc gah_ T m rah hah, 

fah__T.. vah„Si thah„^l sata„l\ 



shah^.ri lah„ mah 2 nah J... poc-Ji-^- 

boo__\ toe t doe. .11 choe /f_„ joe.^,.. 

koeL—..^- g°-— » roe„/r_„ hoe.^l foe.^L.. 

voe_\L thoe L~„, so Jt loe. ./_... moe.^rr^^^ 

no . %=J _ r .. woe__^„ yoe CL poo„\>'_ boo ^S£ 

too b- doo„X-.„ choo__A j*oo..A: koo„-^— __ 

gOO.^ * rOO..z^l-- hoO.^fl f0O. V^JL — YOO„>ri 

thoo^Ar— soo 2-„ shoo„^l„ loo„/_ moo„<rr^_ 



noo woo 

• — \ 



>* 



Syllables beginning with the sound of a long vowel are placed in the> 
THIRD POSITION. 

eep_/\ ape \-« ate. .J. ade„«l. aich -*/--- 

aje y£ — ake. rnt . aig ., afe„V^„_ ave^J^ — 

oath. .J... oze__^ ale._^C ame..- away.r^v— 

oke„ t ore.JTX.. eer.Jlx _ ace «.\ 

29 



HOW TO PLACE VOWELS IN WORDS. 

Vowels placed before or to the left of upward or down- 
ward strokes are read first. 

ape__^ aid__ -# | ail„^T_ ate I orient.^^.-- 

easy„*\ ace ^ ooze \ earjCv..* 

VoWels placed after or to the right of upward or down- 
ward strokes are read last. 

V j ^ 

pay ^ delay chateau - r ^l essay \. be 



beat day t date 1- lay,j_ laid__/f„_ 

lady_/lJ see say^._2* show__^C^ shoe </. 



cheat_l pillow. JL potato__ .X rainy. 

c < F \/ 

thought bought booty__V weary 

lasso_/_J: also.yCN tawny tomatoj^j. 



zero. 



Vowels placed above horizontal strokes are read first 
oak aim ^ ache own oakl ; 



Vowels placed below horizontal strokes are read last* 

Chicago knavish >►*/ navy *_S^_ mazy /__ 

decay bouquet __jL-«r ergoJ\ no . 

I 

30 



When a vowel is pjaced before and after a syllable stroke, 
the vowel preceding is read as a syllable in itself, viz., obey., 

WORD-SIGNS. 

A, an, and » the of to v_ 

all two v or but j. already 



before j oh, owe j on. , should j 

ought who ^ 

PHRASING. 

have a„^«._ have the_\^„ all the way.^TX.. or the 

but the..^..^ but a„i before the_.gL_„ should the__^ 

should a„-n and a„^ and the to-day_ ^ 

to-morrow_vsra4l 

SENTENCES. 
She will pay the lady for the tea. Show him the way to the depot. 

He bought a jewel and a bouquet for her, and will pay for 
them on payday. 

31 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



me, meet, may, mate, decayed, shadow, alimony, okra, debate, 
naked, deed, jaw, Joe, ohm, poesy, ditto, invade, yea, oath, 
vary, navy, knavish, echo, fee, feet, knee, neat, Joe, May, 
Dora, neigh, know, oar, row, dough, ode, May, veto, Cora, 
Laura, chaw, lazy, leeway, Zeno, Fay, chew, ached, beet, be, 
pay, paid, payday, Kate, Katie, mitigate, goatee, ate, law, 
age, eke, aid, gnaw, caw, though, saw, so, sue, see, say, she, 
show, shoe, law, low, Lou, me, may, knee, neigh, eel, ail, lay, 
lea, raw, chaw, row, Joe, photo, hobo, bony, tony, Mazie, 
gewgaw, rotary, notary, votary, zoo, era, mitigate. 



SENTENCES. 

He will pay for the photo to-morrow. 

He ought to know the way to the dairy. 

She ought to make tea on a rainy day for Mary and Kate. 

He bit a red beet, and saw the lazy goat chew the shoe. 



She will come to-day or to-morrow to sew on your coat, 
and cut the meat for tea. 



He made an oath before a notary that he had a photo of 
the hobo. 



She will go all of the way to Dakota to see the villa. 

May and Joe met a belated Malay on the way to the 
armory. 



32 



LESSON SIX 

THE DIPHTHONGS. 

The diphthongs are expressed by small caret shaped angles 
placed at the beginning or at the end of syllable stems, and 
used in the same way as the vowels. 

The sound of "oi," as heard in the word "oil," is ex- 
pressed by a small caret pointing upwards ; it is always placed 
at the beginning (first place) of a syllable stem. 

The sound of "ow," as heard in the word "owl," is ex- 
pressed by the same shaped caret that stands for the sound 
of "oi," the difference being "ow" is written at the end of 
the stem (third place), while "oi" is always written at the 
beginning of a syllable stem. 

The sound of "i," as heard in the word "mighty," is ex- 
pressed by a small caret pointing downward. It may be writ- 
ten in any place by a syllable stem, as it will not conflict with 
any other sign. 

The sound of "oo-ee," as heard in the name "Dewey," 
is expressed by a small caret pointing to the right, written 
at the beginning of a syllable stem. 

The sound of "ow-ie," as heard in the name "Dowie," is 
expressed by a small caret pointing to the right, like the 
sign that stands for the sound of "oo-ee," the difference being 
that "ow-ie" is written at the end of a syllable stem. 

The sound of "i-a," as in "via," is expressed by the sign 
for "i," with a small tick attached, and may be written in any 
place by a syllable stem. 

The sound of "wi," as heard in the word "wife," is ex- 
pressed by a small right angle, written at the beginning of 
a syllable stroke, usually attached. 

All diphthongs may be joined to syllable stems when it 
is convenient to do so. 

33 



THE DIPHTHONGS. 



/ I A oi as in oil / lyias in by / 



3 a ow as in owl 3 



v" i-a as in via 3 
k wi as in wife 



^oo-ee as in Dewey 
^ow-ie as in Dowie 



FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES. 



(Contain the sounds of "oi" and M i") 



poi boi toi doi choi joi koi goi roi hoi 



y\ A -* 



foi voi thoi soi shoi loi moi noi pie 



pite bie bite tie tite die dite chie jie 

x v r v v »* /* > 



kie gie fie fite thie shie lie lite 



mie mite nie nite yie wite wide wife 



34 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

pow bow tow dow chow jow kow gow row 

— \*____V-__L_-_1-— 4.... A. * k..^. 

how fow vow thow sow low mow now wow yow 
loo-ee vow-ee via 

„zC____W _£_ 

WORDS CONTAINING ABOVE DIPHTHONGS. 

joyous.../' 1 ... my * might..^ mighty J__ 

,- /- IT \v 

Dewey ( Louie. 7>_ typhoid. __v. dial. yC. 

divide__vL._ power_\A^. giant isle._^r__ bias..!).. 

envoy. ^T^L. notify. _J^!L defy. I toilet 



^ violet.^. 



via isolate...^ pout_._Vv doubt. .la.-. 



WORD-SIGNS. 

I or high.., how. a. now.^v.. notwithstanding. _rtl. 

remit.^T. nevertheless. ^jSl. advantage. _X__ large. /_._ 

thing language. ,--,_- young 

35 



Practice carefully all syllables containing diphthongs, 
pronouncing each syllable as written. After the lesson has 
been thoroughly learned copy the words and sentences from 
the shorthand in this lesson, and read back from your notes, 
without referring to the shorthand plate. If hesitancy is 
experienced in reading, review the lesson, as well as all pre- 
vious lessons, until the principle is thoroughly learned. 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

boy, toy, joy, ahoy, boyish, tie, tight, coy, coyly, sow, allow, 
thou, by, bite, rye, right, shy, lie, light, tie, tight, die, indite, 
wide, wipe, isle, Roy, royal, pilot, tower, towel, invite. 



SENTENCES. 

I will take the kite to Joe. 

He paid for the pie on the way to the depot. 

The boy saw the cow eat the hay. 

He will come via Chicago. 

He made a deed and wrote a note to the Notary. 

She will have a pie for tea and may invite Katie. 

She bought a tiny yellow toy pony, which she will donate to 
charity. 



36 



LESSON SEVEN 

SHORT VOWELS. 

The short vowels are very rarely used, as their sounds 
are included in the shorthand syllables. An occasion may 
arise, however, where the pronunciation of a word would be 
made clearer by the employment of a short vowel. For ex- 
ample, take the words "charity" and "chariot" ; the outline 
of both words is the same, but if a light dash, representing 
the short vowel "o," is placed before the syllable "ty" it 
would change the pronunciation of the syllable from "ty" to 
"ot" ; the outline of the word would then read "chariot." 
Without the short vowel, the outline would be "charity." 

The short vowels should therefore be thoroughly mas- 
tered, in order that the stenographer may be able to place them 
instantly in a technical or difficult word, w r here legibility 
would require their use. 

They are expressed by LIGHT dots and dashes placed 
at the beginning, middle, and end of syllable stems in the 
same way as the Long Vowels are used. 

Be careful to make the Short Vowels light in order that 
they may not confuse with the Long Vowels. 

Thoroughly master this lesson before taking up new 
work. A lesson is not mastered until every word, word-sign, 
phrase and sentence in it can be instantly written and read, 
and the principle given in the lesson applied without the 
slightest hesitation. 

WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

He paid a dollar for a ticket in the lottery. 

She came before a notary and made an oath that the boy 
bought the jewel. 

The young poet wrote a poem in the shadow of the old oak 
by the tower. 

He will remit on payday. 

He will ride all the way to Iowa in that rickety old chariot. 

37 



SHORT VOWELS. 

/ 1 i as in it f , - o as in got 

£ 1 e as in get *l\~ u as m cut 

J I . a as in at J \ - oo as in foot 

WORDS CONTAINING SHORT VOWELS. 

diet J.^. react..". idiot. J chariot. J^L zodiac_)r._ 



poetic. .\ azoic. \ mosaic /* myriad 



WORD-SIGNS. 

object. .\_ to be V. hope, happy \ ._ though X. 

t j£i„ wholly szC A.M..u^,.. P.M.\^.. us.. \ 



whole 



SENTENCES. 



I hope he will be happy in the army. 

-A-^-^-v-""--V- 

The dial in the tower will show the time. 

...:J:..r..V^-^----'- 

The boy bought a towel for a dime. 



--*__ 



He will meet the boy at the old boat by the bay at 7 P.M 
to-day. 



38 



(Continued from Page 38). 
I have a large bucket which he may have if he will come for it. 

...V— /~A-~ ~/~^— - ^^vr_- ^« 



I should think she should be happy now. 

He thought he saw an ape in the zoo. 
_^1 ^ .„-\- ir„„ 



PRACTICE DRILL. 



The failure of many stenographers has been caused by a 
lack of proper material for practice work. Proper practice 
means success to the stenographer, as it does to the lawyer, 
doctor, musician, dentist — in fact, success in any profession 
is acquired only through practice. 

In order to have the student make the best progress in 
the most thorough manner, and shortest possible time, a 
method of practice has been arranged in lesson form, by 
which the syllables, vowels, and diphthongs can be thor- 
oughly mastered. The vowels should be placed in the syl- 
lables, exactly as shown on shorthand plates, in order that 
the student may familiarize himself with their application, at 
the same time mastering the different sylables in their proper 
positions. 

39 



HOW TO PRACTICE. 



Practice each line of syllables many, many times. At 
least ten pages of your shorthand note book should be given 
to each line. Write the syllables easily and quickly, pro- 
nouncing the strokes as one syllable and writing them evenly 
without stopping. Then read from your shorthand notes. 
Each syllable must be memorized, in order to be able to be 
read as a syllable in any word in which it may occur. Place 
the vowel in each syllable, and place the syllable in its proper 
position, exactly as shown. You cannot master the vowels 
nor diphthongs in the proper manner unless you do place 
them in every syllable until their application becomes me- 
chanical. If you have to stop and think before placing them, 
you have not practiced the lesson long enough. The vowels 
should be placed quickly and accurately. Although they are 
used very little in actual shorthand work, it must be borne 
in mind that occasions occur when it is necessary to place a 
vowel, and unless the vowels are thoroughly mastered by 
actually placing them in syllables, you would not be able to 
have them at your finger's end when an occasion to use them 
occurred. 

You cannot spend too much time on the practice of 
syllables, for they are virtually your alphabet by which all 
words are written. 

Practice syllables until you can mentally picture the form 
of each syllable in every word you hear spoken. 

Short vowels are not placed in syllables for the reason 
that they are included in the syllable. They are only placed 
in a word when they begin a syllable which occurs in the 
middle or end of a word, as the pronunciation of the syllable 
only includes a vowel following a consonant, not preceding 
it, unless it occurs in the first syllable of a word, then it is 
indicated by the third position. 



40 



LESSON EIGHT 

PRACTICE AND DRILL OF SYLLABLES, VOWELS 
AND DIPHTHONGS. 

SYLLABLES FORMED BY JOINING TWO OR MORE 

STROKES. 

The syllables we have taken up so far in our study have 
been expressed by but one stroke. In this lesson we take up 
syllables which are formed by joining two or more strokes ; 
these strokes are read together, as one syllable. For example, 
take the syllable "pep," which is expressed by two strokes. 
These strokes should not be read "pi-pi/' but should be read 
"pep," as one syllable. 

The certain strokes w T hich, when grouped, form syllables, 
have been carefully sorted out and listed, in order that the 
student may memorize them, and always read them as syl- 
lables, never separately, stroke by stroke. This is simply 
following the method of reading longhand. You would not 
read printed words letter by letter; you would read the let- 
ters in groups, or syllables. 

Care must be taken in writing syllables to avoid stopping 
at the end of strokes. The syllables must be practiced so 
thoroughly .that they can be w r ritten as quickly as though 
they were one stroke instead of two or three. 

Syllables formed of two or more strokes are placed in 
position in the same way as one stroke syllables. It must be 
kept in mind that the principle of "position" applies to the 
first syllable of a word only. 

HOW TO PLACE VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS IN SYLLA- 
BLES EXPRESSED BY TWO OR MORE STROKES. 

First and second place vowels and first place diphthongs 
when occurring in a syllable formed by two strokes, should 
be placed after the first stroke. 

Third place vowels and diphthongs when occurring in 
a syllable of two strokes, should be placed in the third place 
before the second stroke. 

4i 



SYLLABLES EXPRESSED BY JOINING TWO STRAIGHT, OR 
A STRAIGHT AND SLANTING STROKE. 



(Pronunciation of syllables occurring in the middle or end of words.) 



pep bep tep dep chep jep kep gep rep 

hep peb beb teb deb cheb jeb keb geb 

^W -W-k :-<- < ^ ^ 

reb heb pech bech tech dech chech jech 

kech gech reeh hech pej bej tej dej kej 

gej rej hej pek bek tek dek chek jek kek 



gek rek peg beg teg deg cheg jeg reg 



42 



FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES. 



peep paup pip pop teep taup tip top deep 

\ \ \ \ ^ •; a ^ < 



daup 

c 


dip 


dop cheep chaup chip 

K < < < 


chop 

<■ 


jeep 

<• 


jaup 


jip J 


iop keep kaup kip kop 

C -\ r\ -n --x 


geep 


gaup 


gip 


gop reep raup rip rop heep 

•^ ^\ S\ S\ S\ ^\ 


haup 


hip 


hop 


heeb 


haub hib hob reeb raub rib 

^\ <r\ S\ <A ^\ /\ 


rob 


peech 

> 


pauch 

> 


i pich poch beech bauch 

> > > > 


bich 

> 


boch 

> 


teech 

r 


tauch 


tich toch deech dauch 

)■ x >■ >- 


dich 


doch 

r 


keech 

v 7 


kauch kich koch 
ry -7 T 7 







43 



FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES CONTAINING DIPHTHONGS 



pipe bipe tipe dipe chipe jipe doich pike dike 



bipe tipe dipe chipe jipe doi 

\ k k <- c ) 



A \V 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 



pape pope poop pup pep tape tope toop tep 

-V-V-Y-\--\--k-A--VV 

tabe tobe toob dabe dobe doob chape chope 
choop chap jabe jobe kape kope koop kep 
gape gobe goob rape rope roop rep habe 



heb paach poach pooch paj poj pooj pach 

^--y-y ->-->->-->-->- 

baaj boje booje bach taach toach tooch tuch 



44 



daach doach doocj dtich jaje joje juj raach 
roach rooch rech haach hoach hooch hech 
pake poke pek bake boke book bek take 

..v.....^..^ _\«...\ xa.jsl-._L. 

toke took tak dake doke dook dek chake 
choke chook chek jake joke jook jek rake 
roke rak paag poag baag beg tag dag chag 

./C__/C___\___^ _V_.>s 1 L^jL- 

jag kake koke kook kek 

/ L 

- ■ * ■• — - * — 1 

45 



WORDS PLACED IN POSITION ACCORDING TO THE 
VOWEL ACCENT IN FIRST SYLLABLE. 

peppery _ \_ tipsy . A chaplet.. /_ tablet. 1 

gap_rrX> wrech.^Z.- berich pitch .y__. patch. \_ 

detach! rich ridge. _ judge./... tactic.. 

chicory. cockney peep___> pope._X 

deep___l__ tape..!* __ cheap _\_ keep capeJTCX. 

ccx>p Jv^ heap..*. reap.* , rope. 4 X\.. babe.N* _ 

daub. V^.. doe__Jl__ dope_.|z._ coach.. 1Z__ peach./ 

reach foach.^rv.. teach../... cake mtm coke_ 



cook l peek.. beak__. bake_:SL~.__ book.\_ju 

chee k _iL.. **__£„. cho^l.. bed«*„\-.. 

reject deduct..! 

WORDS BEGINNING WITH A VOWEL. 
THIRD POSITION. 

attic/ atop. _L.._ epic. _\^__ unwrap. /^. apache.x 

optic„\ 

46 



Words are read as written by syllable as follows : peppery, 
pep\ xy/ ; tablet, tab L let r ; chicory, chic Z_ ry^" ; 
tipsy, tip l^ sy ) ; cockney, kok__ ny^. A short vowel 
should always be pronounced before the first syllable of words 
written in the third position, viz., attic, a-tik; atop, a-top. 

WORD-SIGNS. 

popular. \_ chapter <^--- quiet f acquit. JIL 

acute.JTl quick occupy represent 

Europe_^^\ _ publish__\ public_\ republic _x^\_. 

change „ -/-- peculiar, \ become _ \ to become 

regular. y^IT rather. ^/._ 

SENTENCES. 



The quiet quick gypsy waylaid the judge on the way to Iowa. 
If may become popular if published. 

-'— -V---\---\- — ■ 

He will catch the boy who put the pitch on the rug r 



He will remit by check to-day The peculiar cadet rode all 

the way to the army. 



k 



a 



^_^_>_^_: 



47 



LESSON NINE 

SYLLABLES FORMED BY JOINING STRAIGHT AND 
CURVED STROKES. 

FIRST POSITION. 

peeth pauth pith poth beeth bauth bith both 

-\ "* \ ? 1 1 > V 



teeth 


tauth 


tith 

I 


toth 

I 


keeth 


kauth 

n: 


kith 


gauth 


goth 


heeth 


hauth 


hith 
4\ 


hoth 


peesh 


paush 

3 


pish 

> 


posh 


beesh 


baush 

3 


bish 

3 


bosh 

3 


teesh 


taush 


tish 

j 


tosh 


jish 

/ 


josh 

/ 


keesh 


kaush 

^7 


kish 

~77 


kosh 

-J 


reesh 


raush 


rish 


rosh 


heesh 


haush 


hish 
<-3 


hosh 


peel 

> 



48 



paul pill poll bed baul bill boll teel taul 

> > > > > > > f ; 



till toll deel daul dill doll cheel chaul chill 

? / ? S r* S S /' S 



choll jeel jaul j ill joll keel peer paur beer 

/" s /- / / t S s s 



baur teer daur cheer chau keer kaur reer 

*> >s C A A' «-> »->> ^ 



peem paum pirn pom beem baum bim teem 
\^-^ V-*-* V~v v-s v~> v~-^ \"-» U-n 



taum tim torn deem daum dim dom cheem 

IX U IX IX IX IX tX /; 



chaum chim chom keem kaum kim kom geem 
A A A *— 



i - 1 • 



gaum gim gom reem rim pimp pomp baump 

■r^N ^ t— S* /^ N~ \~ S^> 



49 



bimp bomp timp tomp chaump chimp chomp 

V^ N~ U U A A A 



kimp 


komp gaump 


gimp gomp 


romp 


ping 


pong 


bing bong t$ung 


ting tong 


daung 

c 


ding 

L 


dong 

L 


ching chong 

L C 




jong keeng 


king 


kong 


geeng 


gaung ging 


gong 


ring rong 






feep 


faup fip fop 


fib fob feech 

S S V 


fauch 


fich 


> 


fik fig fog 
<L- V_ ^ 


veep 

s 


vaup vip 


vop 


veeb 


vaub 

s 


vib veech vauj vij voj veek 

s *> V V s <- 


vauk 


vig 



50 



vog thaup thip thop thib thob theech thich 

" \ \ K \ f ! 



thoch thik thok thig thog sheep shaup ship 



shop shaub shib shob sheek shauk shik shig 

< £ < < il £. 2_ 2- 



sheeg shig shog leep laup lip lop laub lib 

L.- L. L <S r\ A r^ <\ ■■ s\ 



lob leech lauch lich loch leej lauj lij lo) 

r\/7 ^7 f7 a a a a a 



leek lauk Iik lok leeg laug lig log meech 

c~ c rr r r c~ r r *? 

mauch mich moch meej mauj mij moj meek 



Tiauk mik mok meeg maug mig mog neep 



I 



\ 



5i 



naup nib nob neech nauch nich noch neej 

>-A *7 'V V V V 



nauj nij noj neek nauk nik nok neeg naug 

<v v ^ .— - ,—- — — - *** ^~ 



nig nog 



FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES CONTAINING DIPHTHONGS. 



pile bile tile dile chile jile kile gile pire 

7 > / ? / /■ ^ r -s 



bire tire dire kire pime bime time 

NL^ ^ l\ ^ \_ v^ tU 



dime chime like mile poil boil toil doil koil goil 

U A~ r~ T > > / «> <7 T 



52 



PRACTICE AND DRILL OF SYLLABLES. VOWELS 

AND DIPHTHONGS- 
SYLLABLES FORMED BY JOINING STRAIQHT AND 
CURVED STROKES. 

SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

puth peth path beth booth bath tuth tooth 

->-->-->-->--v-->--^-f-- 

tajh doath dooth deth keth kooth kath goath 

.__k.__^:___._^_._-i.__II.__IZ.„„"!I__.-Ti._ 

gooth guth geth gath raath roath rooth rath 
reth rath hoath hoosh hush hesh hash pale 
pole pool pul pel pal bale bole bool bal 

-r->->->-f-^->->-^- 

tale tole tool tul tel tal dale dole dool dul 

53 



del dal chale chole chool chull chell chall kael 

i 

koal kool gale goal gool gull pare' pore poor 
par bare boare boor bar tare tore toor tar 

chare chore choor jar rare pame pome poom 

pern pam bame borne boom bum bem bam 

tame tome toom tern tarn dame dome doom 

dum dem dam chum jame jum jem jam 



54 



kame kome koom kum kem kam rame rome 

room rum rem ram fup fep fap fub feb 

fab fech fuj fake foke fek fak Vake voke 

vek vak fog vog veg vag thap thup thach 

fob thek thug shape shep shake shuk shag 

.-V v ...L^-..( _4-___4— i-— ^— ^— 

lape lope lup lep lap luch lech lach lake 



loke look lul lak leg lag log much mach make 



moke muk mek nape nap noch nok nak 



55 



PRONUNCIATION OF SYLLABLES IN THE MIDDLE OR 

END OF WORDS. 

peth beth teth deth cheth jeth keth geth 
reth heth pesh besh tesh desh chesh jesh 
kcsh gesh resh hesh pall ball tall dall chall 

-y--^-^-^-^-^- ( i-y- 

jail kael gael par bar tar dar char jar 
kar gar pern bem tern dem chem jem kem 
gem rem pemp bemp temp demp chemp jemp 
kemp gemp remp peng beng teng deng cheng 

56 



WORDS. 

path. \ pathway \ Bethany..^ teeth jL 

death„\ Catholic. _C/TI1. gothic_7!L-- wreathe "^ ^ 

heath.fi.L- push. X .. bush.JV.. dash I _. cashier JI5L. 

rush_^rC^--- gush_."77---- hUsh„^2 political] 

balcony V dally. _VT_ g-allerv / repair.^lOv,^-- 

barely N^.^ tar__L dare._l ._ jar X cArgo ^ „ 

gear ,__^ career ^^C^. rear^*._A rare w /T^l balm^S^^C-. 

dictum_l redeem..^. chummy,^ jam iL^.- 

comedy _J-- gummy , ^ remedy^...!. pang.^_ . _ 

tongue L^ kingdom^_X=v ring.^rT---. hang - 

fudge. >^.__ factory .>=**— _^ fogX^^. fop.V- _ revoke. 

vagary \«^rl.. thatch.. C thick ( thug fc— _ 

shabbily. V. shock. .^Z. julep.. J£_\_ Caleb.„/TA- 

latch./t^l vHlage.V^Z- match ,/!.__ damage^.W^ 

comic^^^v^ catnip_Tl^\_ naphtha .JTI^. knob 1\ 

nudge_„2_. technic.L v -_^calaraity^wT__J calumny^ 

57 



THIRD POSITION. 

elk_ xi alp., ^r ink . arch„"\.„ urge^^x 

avouch ^ elope. _ ^C\ 

WORD-SIGNS. 

acquiesceJTT)-- actual. /^_ anyhow company. -X^--- 

continue L~- electricity..^ legible. ^Z_ illegible. _/TL_ 



irregular. _!_ magazine <r ^ magnanimous. 



SENTENCES. 



He was too magnanimous to take the money that the poor 
boy owed him for the meal. 



X' 



He put the catnip and the naphtha in a jug and ate the jam 
on a cake. 







He will continue in your company for a mile 
He could see a latch on the door of the factory. 



X , 



V-S^ 



58 



LESSON TEN 

SYLLABLES FORMED* BY JOINING TWO CURVED 
STROKES. 

FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES, 
feef fauf fif veef vauf vif theef thauf thif 



sheef shauf shif leef lauf lif meef mauf 



£ J rV A. A- 



mif neef nauf nif feev fauv fiv veev vauv 

-v-v. »-v-v \\ v V V 



viv theev thauv thiv sheev shauv shiv leev 



lauv liv meev mauv miv neev nauv niv 

^l r^ s ~v. ^v -v i -v ^-v 



feeth fauth fith veeth vauth vith sheeth leeth 

V \ \ ^ ^ \ s ^ 



lauth lith meeth mauth mouth raith neeth 

rt rt <~l <~t '-i ^l *T- 



nauth noth fish fosh veesh vaush vish leesh 



laush lish meesh maush mish neesh naush 

^9^0 o ^ *3 r? 



59 



nish feel fall fill veal vaul vol leel laul 

^ > > V > > > ST 



HI lol 


meel 


mawl 


mill 


mol 


neel 


nawl 


nol 


sr rc 


v* 


"V* 


T 


7" 


V 


r 


T 



feer veer vaur sheer shawr leer meer neer 

s s s 



foam fim veem vim theem thim sheem shim 



.w 



V_ c-, U ^ C A A 



leem lim meem mim neem nim yeem fing 



ving thing shing ling ring ning 



^_ <v_ <L 



FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES CONTAINING DIPHTHONGS. 



fife vife vive life nife five live nive file 



V V V 



foil lile loil mile nile fire vire liar mire 



6o 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES, 

fuf lofe mafe muff nafe nuff fuv fev thev 

shave shove shuv lave lev mave mev moov 

nave nove nev noov fath feth veth sheth 

laath loth lath lale lole lul male mole nole 

nale fore far vore var zar zore share shore 

lore more mare mar nore fame fam fum 

vame vam vum them shame sham shum lame 

._V^rx .V^rz^wX^-^. Vrv J~^ Ar^. Jr^*. . _/^C- _ - _ 

lome lum mame mam mum name fang vang 

thang shang lang rang mang nang 

61 



WORDS. 

fiftyS^.— thief.. _\.. chef . J_._ Caliph _J^L levelerZLO 

muff_TTL._ knife five^JL- revive...^, thievish..!^/ 

chevalier^ ^l^^^_ move _>^- knavish_L>~*/_ faith, ^, 

sheathe.. £1.. lath_/Ti mammoth (._ beneath _iYl 

mushroom. _<^0 fall__/I reveal.. .^T... shale./TTl^^- 

mail_^t__ chenille. j(^~— revere „^ Czar..) . pillar 

famish^S*^^/ Bedlam _.VT_-._ memory ^r-rrvL- name. /^ 

Shanghai. ^^__ earth. _7X__ earl..^^ anthem _^rf^_- 

SYLLABLES EXPRESSED BY JOINING THREE STROKES. 



pink bink tink dink chink jink kink gink 
V,- V- b- Lr- <^~ 



rink hink think shink link mink nink rink 



monk rank shank hank donk tank punk lunch 
junk 

-4^- 

62 



WORDS. 



pink_^T„ hank.c^T. tank_^ chunk, _^ r — kink I 

C7 



monk^v., launch m 



WORD-SIGNS. 



failure. X/TT^-- forever and ever„V*^ junior ^~ 

languish /T^2„ punctuaL^^^. anguishj^r^L- New York_^7l. 



SENTENCES. 



He will leave New York for Shanghai, China, tomorrow. 

V 

He bought a jar of jam, and ate it on the cake. 



He had a long rope which he tied to a pole on the beach. 
For a joke he rang the bell in the tower. 

63 



LESSON ELEVEN 

SYLLABLES COMMENCING AND ENDING WITH "S." 

The sounds of "s" or "z" when commencing or ending a 
syllable are expressed by a small circle, which may be attach- 
ed to all syllable stems. It is written on the right side of 
downward strokes, on the left side of upward strokes, on 
the upperside of horizontal strokes, and within curved 
strokes. 

pes bes tes des ches jes kes ges hes res 
fes ves thes sees shes les ars mes nes ens 
ways yeas spes sebs stes seds sechs sejs 

._3l...X_— V-^— E--.:-L-__ Z.../-. 

seks segs seis sers sems sens sengs sways semp 
- -Q — 0. - - -a_£> _k £ _ _ ^Tfc . _ ^_p s^-ji 3l <T* 

The 'V circle is written on the outside of angles. 
custody__l7r dispatch.,.^ discuss ,__ dusty„li. 

When the circle occurs between two curved strokes it may 
follow the direction of either. 

incense vessel__S^_ pencil_\_^ miser saucer.J 

64 



When the circle occurs between a straight stroke and a 
curve it should be written within the curve. 

Edison _ I reason_„__ basin _^2_-<. chosen. ^L— hasten _<^i„ 

When the circle begins a word, it is read first before 
everything. 

seat seal seem __ sage__j/__ sake.<2.i safe_JLu_ 



When the circle ends a word, it is read last of all. 
dose_k__ lace_£CT_ mouse_^>_ race_^£__ case _ n faceA^-, 

savages.^ _• matches. j£^ latchesy^2L Sundays„Ji revise 

(x has a sound of "eks") exert _^^__ 



SYLLABLES BEGINNING. AND ENDING WITH "S" 

CIRCLE, CONTAINING LONG AND SHORT 

VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS. 



peps beps taps deps chaps japs kaps gaps 

raps haps pebs bebs tubs dabs chebs jobs 

kabs skeps gabs skech skej spek peks .speks 

65 



taks stak staks deks cheks jaks keks reks 
_1^q___ Jw^. L^p _ J q L-q. JLe Q__^/m 



pegs spegs begs tags dogs jugs kegs skegs 

_\-^ -\_* \— « — 1_* Lo Z-D--- 



jp, -o r>. 



gags speth baths speel bells dolls chills teers 

reers pams spasms beers teems deems chimes 
y^i v o V> ^ ^ A 



._Vr^>_ J!tb_ 



times dimes limes slimes jemps lemps slemps 

.__ ^ ___ _^?___ _£?„ 



naps snaps spong pongs spang rings figs fixs 

/*-» V_i> v__* 



.^..-^___v-^--\^- 



nix sniks box tax lax sleks vex vaks ("x" has the 

rr..^_.\_a.L,.^r_.cr..Vw,.k-, 



sound of "eks") fovs shevs levs slevs nevs 

_^_. t z__„A a __.^>.„r^ 

mevs moths smoths reeths mills neels besk 

66 



smooth smooths smels ferns leers seers seris 



gesp rings pinks spank spanks tanks chunks 



lunks slunks kinks honks shanks skanks hesk 

resk.Z_TT- 

WORDS. 

spasm_ic^__ received stay..£ said..!-. sage._Xl 

sake_«_^. save.JS-*.. same._2^x__ sane_jft^y seethe C 

sir.r^X- cerise space.^Sa.. stay._L; stays. .JI.„ 

messages. _<£_ sages. il„_^ sells 4. sneeze_J__. 

smokes ^r^_o_ task. J gasp.. A. slings slumps. _C„ 

cellar.A.._A. celery..^ slavic.A.V--^ capsule _.7T^q_ 

captious \ pepsin _\_ science desk..! 

task.J gusty__TT-- sleep. _. sackx> sideJ:f_._ 

sides.. *lt.... rise..... face.__Vo lace /* _._ 

67 



WORD-SIGNS. 



always_zfL_J_ anxious .J^rJL. business possible 

special jv subject jl_ announce . influence 



^_9 

o c 



is his as_._o has o myself 



himself. ^^ yourself jf postoffice_.be simply , 

impossible. sufficient. S^c. single , this 

those.__o_ thus / senior _j_ respect ^_S.« it is., 



PHRASE SIGNS, 



yours truly. jfe yours sincerely .^9.. yours respectfully, .p. _ 

sent us send us.j^p... mail us_^r_Z. give us„_, 

just had jQ^I must be. wff^* ^ anything else .jo 

I am ;_ income .. domestic Jr3i_ et cetera (etc.)--L_< 



SENTENCES. 



Sir: Send us by mail bill for 10 kegs of nails. Yours truly. 



68 



He was a senior at Yale and said he was anxious to go into 
business. 



IV, 



He will mail us the subject of his speech to-morrow. 



He had too much sympathy for the boy to take his small 
remittance. 






It is impossible for us to have him come here to-day, 

t- 

He will speak on the subject of the Income tax to-morrow; 



_vt=v<:jc. 



69 



LESSON TWELVE 



"SES" CIRCLE SYLLABLES. 



The syllables "ses," "sus," "cis," "sys" and "zes" are ex- 
pressed by a large circle four times the size of the "s" circle, 
and can be joined to any straight, slanting or curved syllable, 
stem or syllable formed of more than one stroke, thereby ad- 
ding the syllable "ses" to any syllable stem to which the large 
circle may be attached. 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



voices, taxes, thesis, bases, necessity, ceases, guesses, masses, 
raises, nieces, Sorosis, fusses, teases, chases, revises, carouses, 
vices, novices, chastises, it is necessary, it is as, it has as 



SENTENCES. 



He saw Coxes' army in Texas. He will leave for the 
United States in May. I hope he will send us the molasses as 
soon as possible. The boy teases his nieces and chases the geese 
He carouses in the houses of his nieces and chastises the boy 
because he notices his vices. He thinks it is necessary to speak 
to the masses on the subject of the high taxes. He thinks it is 
as large as the United States Army. A synopsis of his speech 
will be sent to the United States Senate. He arises and arouses 
the ire of the masses. He will go to his offices to make a diag- 
nosis of the case. 

70 



PRONUNCIATION OF SYLLABLES WITH "SES" CIRCLE 

ADDED. 

(First position syllables)* 
\Q n O- ) V) (A 

peeses...::. pauses. ._r_ bosses __ teeses__Jr_ 



tosses. _5_ deeses_._V- cheeses „__ jeeses„_-_. 



kisses kauses. rises hisses „_ feeses 



r v v r 



theeses seeses... sauses..^ sizes 

, (° ^D s-0 ^ 6 
leeses__ misses______ neeses weeses____ yeeses 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

pases. .xl. poses. _ n O__ bases. __b__ dases__!_}_ doses fcL 

chases _2 chooses jC3C- cases ^ gazes Q 

razes. .^1. roses. _^_C_ hoses. __—__ faces. nQ. vases__SQ.. 

susies. __<d_ laces __.tT-._-. loses_.L_.-_- maces /_i& 

mooses__<r^>__ noses_.-r^_ nooses..^.^^ 



SYLLABLES FORMED BY TWO STROKES WITH "SES" 
CIRCLE ADDED. 



kepses _T_\Q jepses ^^___ tekses L.Q. ,. 

bokses _s_..Q kokses._____C> nopsis_._ _SQ_. 

7i 



WORDS CONTAINING "SES" CIRCLE. 
pieces pauses. _9_. teases ?L. dices _ causes.J 



races...-?. faces__Xo laces.../^. notices. _ V JJQ 

success. 0=^0. dispossess.. f _<0. sauces recess..'! 

diagnosis molasses _^pr/j. synopsis. JlJCL 

The "ses" circle may be vocalized by placing a vowel in the 
tenter. 

/© . . fe> ^ 

sausage '_._ decisive.. ^r._ exhaust. rrtL. exercise, rrr^. 

ernphasize.'lTL-- 

When the sound of "s M follows the syllable "ses" the small 
"s" circle may be. continued within the "ses" circle. 

exercises. T^jx— successes .o^X). possessesJN*}. recesses__„ 

WORDS WRITTEN IN THE THIRD POSITION. 

axes. .__q_._ offices.. V^ opposes..^- abysses >^-- 

arises. Sc arouses.^:.. 

WORD-SIGNS. 



O 
as has Q is his I" as soon as_IL£L_-- United 

States. -^jQ._. necessary, L __ as soon as possible. Q_^._ 



ou 



rselves _ J2l __ yourselves it . 



72 



LESSON THIRTEEN 

"ST" AND "SD" LOOP. 



The sound cf u st" when commencing or ending a syllable 
is expressed by a long, narrow loop, attached to the syllable stem. 



PRONUNCIATION OF SYLLABLES WITHOUT VOWELS. BE- 
GINNING AND ENDING WITH THE "ST" AND "SD" LOOP. 

step„:L steb„\„ stet„J sted„j„.._ steeh__^/„„ 

stej X~L stek.s-srrr-..- steg_s*«._ stef _S>=-„ stev ;_^r„ 

steth JL stesh.^ri steL_<fT„ star_J^\_ $tem„<^^_- 

stan pest,...^^ best„N& test b-„ dest L„f< 

chest 41 jest ^ . kest ^ gest ^ rest ^ll^- 

hest «^fl fest V^>- vest„Va„ tfiest fu. sest„Ji 

shest„^„ lest„uT„ arest„"^ mesU^5S> nest,^^.. 

west^."^ yest Q_ tekst_l*tf»„ kekst — beksd_\_^* 

stelth_j£X_ sterv^^V.. 

73 



WORDS CONTAINING SYLLABLES ENDING WITH "ST" 
AND "SD" LOOP; WRITTEN IN FIRST, SECOND OR 
THIRD POSITIONS, ACCORDING TO PRONUNCI- 
ATION OF FIRST SYLLABLE IN WORD. 

steep___l__ state \ stub__A__ stud l__. stage_i_L 

steak_e^=-__ stag_$^r-__ stuff__V__ stiff stave_j^_ 

stellar_^C___ star_2^__ steam__ stitch^„ stemj^x.. 

sting stung.j^^.. post__js}__ pieced ... paste__;^._ 

taste. Jl__ tasty__jS moist _lTL__ moisty__I__~_ rustic. __ 

rusty__^rj__ dust„.b dusty „fe writs__ rest_^___- 

roused_.^_ aroused__y#_ test b attest.! 

jest_^_„ adjust.. i accost .^ arrest j?„ atheist,^/ __ 

coaxed i ^> taxed__L^o__ boxed \ ^ August, __ 

effaced. -V-.- manifest, __A^>_ industry *_ costly — y "" 

foremost. jC __ earnest.^X.^^ tapestry_\ / . stylish 

finest vainest.j^.^, utmost L„„ starling „j__„ 

pastry__^i___ ghostly ,„„^y^ storm,__V^__ justify A^ 

vastly__Vs^yr detest I stealth, X_l chemist__^si_ 

74 



-1 ^"/ '<f~ r- 
noticed.^.JL- richest steel stale_.<f.. stole ^_. 

stooLjfl. stately fc„ costly ^=>/C store.^tl- stoppage..^. _ 

ministry ^^^^^1 opposed. -\c-- toast L rejoiced i^l 

invoiced revised. „ devised. .1 sliced.. 

o Vb 

spiced sneezed. I rejoiced _ stemlesSj^^-L 

stencil. .jll- stethoscope. . Co—. . stigma. S^=rd still etto„^.._ 
statistics. jj^f stanza J starve. _™\ status. 



steady j_ stay..[ # storage. ^X^/ 



WORD AND PHRASE SIGNS. 



at first..! abstract. V._ distinct distinguish..... 

distinctive extraordinary extra extravagant., r^ 

illustrate illustrated catalogue just as soon as.^T. 

first.. A .. by the first mystery request. „.. 



stenographer A. stenography stenographic. 

southwest s* southeast^. _T^_ 

75 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



post, toast, host, haste, hasty, rest, unrest, most, incased, 
amazed, chest, lest, dust, mist, misty, staid, chaste, latest, last, 
laziest, forest, must, cussed, coasts, detest, disgust, supposed, 
disposed, dismissed, rejoiced. 



SENTENCES. 



She was amazed at the lace which she saw in your illustrated 
catalogue of last May. 

Just as soon as the stenographer saw the stenography in her 
stenographic book she read a page to the Judge in the jail. 

In disgust she saw he was disposed to dismiss the case. 

The last magazine she read was published in January; the 
latest magazine came out in May. 

He is the laziest boy in the State and should act in haste 
or he will be dismissed. 



She bought the costly lace in the richest store of the city. 

The stately lady ejoiced that the white tape was invoiced 
on the bill. 

She sliced the spiced cake and revized a stanza of his poem. 

The lowest step is just as necessary as the highest. 

76 



LESSON FOURTEEN 

•STER" LOOP SYLLABLE. 



When the syllable "ster" occurs in the middle or end of 
words, it can be expressed by a long wide loop, broader and 
longer than the narrow loop expressing the endings "st-sd." 

This loop adds the syllable u ster" to all syllable stems to 
which it is* attached. It is never used at the beginning of a 
syllable. 



PRONUNCIATION OF SYLLABLE STEMS WITH "STER" 
LOOP ATTACHED. 

pester _j\^l bester__^s__„_ tester u dester Jb 

Chester..^! jester jQ_ kester c^ gester ^-t 

rester /C___ hester <^____ fester jq. vester k?-. 

thester ii. sester__A, lester__^____ mester ^r^>- 

nester_^^__ ungster_^_ _ 

WORDS. 

poster JS^__ boaster _S toaster J$ duster Ji 

Chester. _<2_ Custer ___c=>. arrester J? fester. As. 

oyster. £\ Sylvester mister Nestor, ^^o 

yesterday. C\ manifestlyrT^Ss^-BaxterN^^^O- tipster _zs>- 

monastery.,0^^. minister ministers tipsters frL 

Baxster s Nl-^cl 

77 



WORD-SIGNS. 



C^ 



unconscious / _ systematic Justice of the Peace„cZ-- 

significant insignificant falsehood _| 

postmaster_^cs> most important ^t£T>l- 



SENTENCES. 



He was unconscious so she sent for the Justice of the Peace. 

.Z_.X_- v /.....l-.:^.-V-<-- 

It is a most important and significant fact that she saw him 



take systematic exercises each day. . 



.L.....?.._._.-^.../.Jr. 



She saw a lobster and an oyster on the beach by the sea. 

^l-^^.^±.2 L 

She made an oyster pie for the minister. 

78 



LESSON FIFTEEN 



ASPIRATE "H"; 'TNG" DOT; DISJOINED 
SYLLABLES. 



The syllables taken up in this lesson, commence with the 
aspirate "h," which is expressed by a small slanting tick, writ- 
ten in such a manner as to form a sharp angle with the syllable 
stems to which it is attached. It is always written and read 
first. 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



Harlem, Hickey, hire, hole, ham, hammock, hale, whack, 
w T hiskey, huckster, checking, bathing, saving, sneezing, smok- 
ing, gasping, slinging, pacing, emphasizing, opposing, arising, 
shaving, whipping, moving, saving, facing, erasing, sending, 
exercising, doing, meetings, hanging, feeling, dated, aided, 
tooted, booked, looked, poppy, jockey, foggy, Maggie. 



SENTENCES. 



He will pay the bill if the establishment will ship the 
goods immediately. 

Jim Hickey will emphasize the advantages of systematic 
early rising in his speech on health. 

He whacked at the hornet and hit the hermit. 

He took the whiskey and whistled in the hall for the 
jockey. 

79 



SYLLABLES BEGINNING WITH ASPIRATE "H. M 

hek^^^^ hekd„^L^_ hel /!_ helcL_y^„ har__x hard^j^v^ 

hem_j^r^_ hemd._br^_„ hemp„/c^„ harp.^^. harped.7^, 

halp.i^Ts. hak , __ , hakd__^. heg__j_ 

(Syllables beginning with "wh" which have a sound of "hw.") 
whep„_\- whepd„_\_ wheb„_^N whek„I\»_-- 



whekd.rX-- whem_„V^ 



WORDS. 



hackney. ir=^_^ hello./.... halo.>y5 hall „ hardy Y 

harlot. J^Vl harvest. -TX whip___r^ whipped _\:.. 

whack.t^S.^ whacked.A-- whim hermit„V>__ hem.^c^ 

hemorrhage j^v^. hair_„\ hornet_j^\^. whiskey J^TL. 



whistle 

80 



DISJOINED SYLLABLES. 



The syllables "tute," "tilde," "ted," "ded," when occur- 
ring in words where the shortening principle could not be 
distinguished, may be disjoined and written close to the word 
of which they form- a part. 



deeded notated..^.. rotated _^/i.. dictated. JL — 

destitute.. L 

H 

They may also be disjoined to show past tense.- 

popped.jv kicked cooked h _ judged Y 

picked f „ hooked. _*«^|— tacked. JU^„- checked.. jL± 

racked,. /HZ\ studied ? 



To express the last syllable in words such as "baby," 
"chubby/ 3 "buggy/' the last stroke of the preceding syllable 
may be repeated. 



baby.V „ tippy, js^. chubby. /. buggy > 



cookie. 



81 



In reading, the syllable form of two strokes is read 
first, the remaining syllable stroke last, as follows: Babe-by, 
tip-py, chub-by, kook-ky. 

The syllable "ing," when ending a word is expressed by 
a dot, written at the end of the syllable it follows: 

i . \ y\ 

doing. __L being * paying. _j£ reaping 1_^ 

Jl laying, /il repaying I delaying „ 



saying 



singing picking sticking stuffing. _ V,^ _ 

listing wresting jf_ detesting.. I wronging^/^J"- 

) . y^ * e 

seeing 1 repeating "_. sending, ^sui saving. „V-_ 

taking.. I _ making. ^^x_^ loving. ZTVw* 

The syllable "ly" may be disjoined when convenient, 
justly yy- vastly Ssyr 

WORD-SIGNS. 



featur. future___\ fact___v_... establish... 

establishment astonishment. _ J astonish. j__ 



immediately immediate under.^ hand. 

82 



LESSON SIXTEEN 



"W" AND "Y" COALESCENTS. 

Syllables commencing with the sound of "w" and "y" 
followed by the sound of a vowel, are called coalescents, and 
are expressed by small semicircles, which can express a syl- 
lable in themselves, or form part of a syllable by being at- 
tached to syllable stems. 

These semicircles are made both light and heavy ; the 
heavy semicircles express the sounds of long vowels, the light 
semicircles express the sounds of the short vowels. The direc- 
tions in which these semicircles are turned show the kind of a 
vowel — whether a dash or dot vowel. 

"W" COALESCENTS. 

Syllables commencing with "w" containing the sound 
of a heavy dot vowel, are expressed by heavy semicircles, 
opening to the right. 

Syllables commencing with "w" followed by the sound 
of a heavy dash vowel, are expressed by heavy semicircles, 
opening to the left. 

Syllables commencing with "w" followed by the sound 
of a light dot vowel, are expressed by light semicircles, 
opening to the right. 

Syllables commencing with "w" followed by the sound 
of a light dash vowel, are expressed by light semicircles, 
opening to the left. 

"Y" COALESCENTS. 

Syllables commencing with "y" followed by the sound 
of a heavy dot vowel, are expressed by heavy semicircles, 
opening at the top. 

Syllables commencing with the sound of "y" followed 
by the sound of a heavy dash vowel, are expressed by heavy 
semicircles, opening at the bottom. 

Syllables commencing with "y" followed by the sound 
of a light dot vowel, are expressed by light semicircles, 
opening at the top. 

83 



M W" COALESCENTS. 
FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES (Light and heavy). 

wee swee weep__2 sweep sweet 



weed w _ sweed _ weeve „ weel ' 

f- * ^ a — ? 

weeld wau wasp_j wauk wauf__>=:. 



swash_„ wi wis swi wit 



wid width wich swich with 

e <p \ <J ^ 
swif„„__ swift wiv swiv__„___ with _, 



wish vving , swing 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

woo .> swoo_2_ wave__V~„ w r ade__J wafe J^_ 

wavcV- wathe__l swope___\__ woke_} woo.a__ 

wet__J swet__l wed | 

"Y" COALESCENTS. 
FIRST POSITION SYLLABLES (Light and heavy). 

u T Y v i 

yee yeel yeeld yi_^ yid 

J V 4J 

yish y°— yot__j 



84 



SECOND POSITION SYLLABLES. 

yale £__ yank_ o _^_ y&ng..^^... yore.J^Y- yoke.^ 

ye._^ y es --g, you_^v___ yooth„„_X„ yap..^\___ 

yat._^1 yank^.^.^^. yeL.T yelp..^ yelk u_ 

yar^JCX- yard__^__ thea__v^__ mew.,-^.. new^u,^.. 
pew.\*v kew,,^^-, lew.iC^ few.V^o... fuse„V<a>.- 

WORDS CONTAINING ABOVE SYLLABLES* 

Sweeney__i weep„j sweep... sweetish L-1-. 



weeding • Swede__i weave wield 



Suwanee..! walk switch witty. .J ^ 

widow witch swift swinging «.«„.* 

wavy.JV^. . woke.jt yoke^ Utah.,.! Delia , 

Dorothea. JA^ lieu. /CI pew„\> queue ^ , 

The coalescents may be used to vocalize words in the same 
way as the vowels. 

puny.\Q_^_ refusing \ refusal ^T-- beautify vc. 

abuse. v.._ 

5s 



The coalescents may be joined when occurring in the middl? 
of a word. 

bewitch A__ mutilate. .T-*/".. bureau. JWL — rebuked 

liquid/mi-_ puny_\v^_ 

The coalescent "y° u " mav be inverted, as in 

eucharist_ £ new.^^. renew ^/_T_ cute ,*„ jute &_ 

WORD-SIGNS. 



we with were__c would. _o_.„ what 



ye year yet__v beyond you rv_. 

ful__^=-_ you and I herewith 



use 



PHRASES. 



■JL 



with the with as much.^/ as with the_._§L 

what is the what was the__4_ what would be. A 

would the. } would a__^_ were the__y„ you may.**-*- 

we send you we sent you 



86 



Syllables commencing with "y" followed by the sound 
of a light dash vowel, are expressed by light semicircles, 
opening at the bottom. 

The words "way," "woo/' "yea" are expressed by the 
syllable strokes "way" and "yea" instead of semicircles. 

The "s" circle can be written within semicircles, either 
beginning or ending a semicircle. 

The coalescents can be used in the same way as vowels, 
in vocalizing a word, where it is inconvenient to attach them 
to the syllable stems. 

WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

waif, walk, walking, war, war-path, wardrobe, ward, wasp, 
wave, weal, weave, w r eb, wed, wedding, weed, weedy, weep, 
wisp, witty, wizard, witch, wooded, yarrow, yell, yelk, yelp, 
yore, yule, yah, yacht, Yankee, Eugenia, Richlieu, Utica, 
estuary, usurp, width, eulogy, washing, Eureka, emulate, 
fuse, nephew, swivel, Washoe, youngish, yank, mule, sw r ift, 
swiftly, lithia, execute, acute, accuse, abuse, sweaty, Ulysses, 
washes, weighty. 

SENTENCES. 

What would be the advantage of having the Yankee ride 
all the way to Eureka to meet his nephew? 

The cute wasp stung the swift mule on the ear. 

What is the width of your shoe? 

What would you say were you to hear that we were with 
her all of the year? 

She said her name was Dorothea Sweeney, and that she 
would see you on the date of the wedding at her home in 
Utica, New York State. 

Sir: Your invoice showing cash sales for the month of 
August received, and I am sorry to state that it is impossible 
to send you the deposit receipts, for the reason that they 
w r ere sent to the bank on last Tuesday. 

I am sending you herewith check for $24. Acknowledge 
receipt as soon as possible. Yours truly, 

8/ 



LESSON SEVENTEEN 



"L" HOOK SYLLABLES. 



The syllables in this lesson are expressed by hooked 
stems. 



In syllables where the sound of "l" directly follows and 
blends w r ith the sound of the consonant preceding it, "1" is 
expressed by a small hook, written on the right side of down- 
ward strokes, on the upper side of horizontal strokes and 
within curved strokes. The hook is formed first, the syllable 
continued with one stroke. 



Hooked stems always express the blended sounds of two 
consonants. 



The hook on the syllables "pla," "fla," "rel," "mel," "tiel" 
is made much larger than the hook on the other strokes and 
these syllables should be memorized thoroughly in order to 
write them without hesitation when outlining a word. 



The syllable "shel" is written upward. 

The "s" circle can be written within the hook. 



When a circle and a hook occur at an angle in the middle 
of a word, the circle is made first, and the hook also clearly 
shown by making it a little higher. 



PRONUNCIATION OF "L" HOOK SYLLABLES. 



pel pla bel bla tel de) chel jel kel gel fel 
fla vel thel shel mel nel rel 

_£— .^X_^_ca.X_ A JZ - 

palp^^SfklepJZL. kleb_!i\_ gleb_!^\._ felp..^— 

flop >*__ pilch___\, ,plech__\ pelch__V blech__X_ 

kluch__^_^ plek__^ blek_Ss klek.c _ flek_ C 

leg__C! melk_crv_ flef__^_ shelf.c^-. pleth„S*.,_ 

bleth,__!S_ kleth_riX- gleth.tX.- fleth__^__ pelsh__V . 
plesh__SL_ belsh__\__ blesh__Sv _ kleshJl^... felsh__SL__ 

flesh__C__ pler__k_^_ bler_S^_ kler.TZT^ gler_flT^_ 

fler,__V.^. pelm__^N_ plem_jy^_ klem_<L_/rv glem_<i_<rrv 
felm__v^ s _ flem_SLo_ relm_£/_?plemp__S^»._ blemp__Vr»„ 
klemp_<i^<r3 1 _ flemp_C^__ pHng .__ bling kling 

gling fling plink blink klink 

89 



The "s" circle can be written within the "1" hook. 

spel__N^__ skel.^s sevl___x smel_^Ti^_ snel__<wL 

spelsh_Sy_ pels__No_ ples__So__ bels__>o_ bles__\o_ tels__£__.. 

dels__.k_ chels__^___ jels_iC_ kels_j^_j^. , gels__*i_D__ 

fels .?*>__ fles__^cL_ vels__S^__ thels ^ shels__c^?.__ 

mels_££^_ nels £_£._ rels__£^__ plops__:v kleps_rr^\=>_^ 

gleps__n\o. felps Ss~._ fleps_>L~__ bilks_.\_ i »_ bleks_X_a_ 

kleks.i o floks__V B ^^L_ melks_C^u«fi. fc- shelf s j^yj>. 

Meshes \_ k!eshes_J^Z plers__N^_ klers____\_ 

glars.TT^ flars__\^_ palms_\^&__ plems_\^>_ klems_<^^ra 

glems_^r^rr^_ relms_C/l- plemps_S^2L k1emps_<^£T3L__ 

glemps_swr*_ flemps_5L^a-_ plengs^^^.... klengs.x^^-- 

flengs_.5L v _£_ plenk.s x ^ blenks.Ss^-^-x)-^ klenks_£_ N _ ;r _a_ 

spels .So skels_£«o. smels_^$ snels_^U^ 

SHORTENED SYLLABLES. 

pelts_Js^__ plets.S* belts_5» blets.So telt__C_ 

telts_ __£____ klot_jc_a__ gelt_j^_ fdt..L_. flet_ _CL 

shelt__<^/ melt.j^ nelt.,..*!^. klept_5i3 floppd_S^_- 

spelt S. skild e^ smeld <^\ smelts_j^L_ 

90 



WORDS WRITTEN IN POSITION. 

<\ S-" ^ . * r 

plea plead ply plied plow__>^__ 

blow NL_ totaL.Jr delicate C clay_.c glow r 

fly___f__ flo_.£___ busheL.^Z relish_£X^_ camel__rz?L- 
canal Phelps__^L__ flops.Jv __ claps.TT^© rails.i^l, 

reels„ fills floss._Ve.__ pills plus.jNp^ 

splash„__\ snaiL^y civil___\ flocks_v^_-ji ploth_„x. 

r ^ C 

blithe a cloth__IjL__ blushes _V clashes. __^Z___ 5 , 

* — ^ 
clears glares__TT^___ plums. _:s<r_^ clarns..O_^r^ 



clumsy }_ film flemish. .V^^. glimpse. 

planks. _\^d_ scales. j£L~x>___ smelts. _<S_1>_ pelts. _5^_ 

plots„S_„ felt S. flat__SL„ flopped.5L. spelled__\. 

skilled . blessed __\*__ classed. _C_-_=?_ placed N^._. 

plaits S« fleets __ fleeced blister. 



cloisterj. plausible „__ reasonable infidel 4, 

plateau _^_ unravel -/£*, galvanize __"Vw^_p glorify. jC^^A 

flimsy. . I pleases please pleased 



+*.! 



91 



When a vowel is placed before a hooked stem the vowel 
is read first. 



able..^. awfuL.-O eagle., amiable. _. Ethel.. r__ 

When a vowel is placed after a hooked stem it is read last. 

blue N/--- clay_.c_ plausible..!^ table X. 

label JiS. gable. rrSc- 

WORD-SIGNS. 

\ . r 

comply people. _.!\__. belong N^ it will 

until L at all r deliver C delivery..!^ 

each will . which will__/L„ much will /!-■- equal 

difficult. _<; glory. _ c glorious r n follow. .\ 

T__ collectable.*!^-- GO.D._frtr„ rely.£^„_ 



collect 

reliableJT^h. real.™.. reality.S^J.. rail..cZ. rolLx/— 

rule ^y/ only unless.. S^2.__ develop.. J _. 

most likely.^^TI bill of lading.J^C., 



The same rules for placing vowels on single, double and 
triple stroke syllables apply to hooked syllables. 

92 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



play, place, places, placed, plague, plateau, platonic, playful, 
pleural, plight, plumage, plummet, black, blade, blame, 
blanket, blaze, bleak, clammy, clang, clay, claw, clergy, click, 
client, cling, entitle, enclose, ennoble, English, entangle, fable, 
facial, faithful, final, flag, flank, flash, flesh, flimsy, flitch, 
Florida, fly, flea, flame, glare, glory, gleam, glee, globe, maple, 
medical, model, Plato, Clara, flew, float, reasonable relent, 
plural, declivity, diplomacy, classical, physical, climb, chattel, 
title, total, totally, juggle, inflame, glory, float, sample, reply, 
oblige, spiral, camel, canal, relish, details, emphatical, clear, 
small, galvanized, supply, possible, black, bless, blush, cloth, 
pleased, flanges, postal, supplied, including, shovel, disclose, 
payable, table, focal, vocal, enable, penalty, signals, envelope, 
Sheffield, blue, cycles, capable, apply, article, novel, salable, 
nautical, rifle, visible, gospel, rascal, splice, knell, barrel, glide, 
fly, flies, sable, oval, animal, pay-roll, classified, bottle, me- 
dicinal, chemically, notable, notably, plus, vegetable, split, 
clearly, duplex, unbleached, available, alphabetical, bevel, 
duplicate, optical, novelty, initial, arrival, cyclopedia, double, 
original, local, horizontal, tumble, glass, label, shingle, 
shackle, model, included, floor, angle, replace, rambling, 
capital, devil, liable, vital, labeler, railway, Reynolds, closed, 
staple, Bible, table, tackle, glass, clash, buckle, able, chapel, 
plea, please, pleases, ripple, bleak, evil, flee, oval, bleach, 
Flora, flies, nibble, claw, claim, club, blaze, total, title, glee, 
chattel, climb, physical, classical, diplomacy, declivity, plural, 
relent, reasonable, unreasonable, Plato, plateau, juggle, 
inflame, fluency, glory, flimsy, float, fleet, flew, Clara, Plato. 

SENTENCES. 

I recollect that the check for the deed was made col- 
lectable on delivery. 

It is difficult to suppose that he will place a claim for 
damages in the hands of his lawyer. 

The rule he must obey will cause him to arise at 6 a. m, 
each day. 

If not delivered by next Tuesday, it may not be deliv- 
ered at all. 

93 



LESSON EIGHTEEN 



"F" OR "V" HOOK. 



The sound of "f" or "v" when ending a syllable, is ex- 
pressed by a small hook, written at the end of straight, slant- 
ing or horizontal strokes. It is NOT attached to curves. 

The "f" or "v" hook is written on the right sid£ of down- 
ward strokes, on the left side of upward strokes, and on the 
upper side of horizontal strokes. The "s" circle may be 
placed within the "f" hook. 



"F" or "V" HOOK SYLLABLES. 

pef bef tef def chef jef kef gef ref hef 

__V._.\.._L...L._^..._/._.._ ...Z..Z. 

pefs befs tefs defs chefs jefs kefs gefs 

_As> \a k h A A 2> s>_ 

refs hefs peft beft teft deft cheft jef t keft 
_^f____^ \^___N, b I L L _*- 



geft reft heft 



94 



WORDS. 

/' /' 

puff__\i_ puffs__V__ tough__L___ chief___._ chiefs..?.^ 

cave =»__ caves s>__ heave. Ji" heaves *__ cuff :=> 

cuffs 2>__ chaff 4L_ caved.^ puffed__\>___ Taft.jL 

chaffed__£_ gift_7t_ raft__iL_ beverage_A£c cavalry Q_ 

Comparisons between words ending with the sound of 
"f" or "v" and words ending with "fy" or "vy." 

puff \i puffy_\ cough n. coffee_n^- 

heave 1__ heavy _<^_>w- 

WORD-SIGNS. 

ought to have whatever^__U ^_ out of l 

whichever. _ /_ _ _ satisfied__L which have L out of L 

whichever. _ j£_ which have___<£ satisfactory Url. 

govern, government certificate certified 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



riffraff, referee, rave, raved, reef, cave, dive, dived, hafe, 
chief, deaf, pave, paved, bereave, taffeta, taffy, Tiffany, calve. 



SENTENCES. 

He ought to have a government certificate in his office. 
The chief smoked and puffed in his cave in the forest. 

Q5 



LESSON NINETEEN 



'R" HOOK SYLLABLES. 



The sound of "r" like "1," forms a double consonant when 
it directly follows and blends with the consonant preceding 
it in a syllable, and is expressed by a hook written on the 
left side of downward strokes, and on the lower side 
of horizontal strokes. It is written within curved strokes, 
and in order to distinguish it from the "1" hook, the curves 
forming the syllables "fer," "ver," "ither," "ther" are reversed 
or turned over. The outlines for these four syllables must 
be memorized as they are given. They will not conflict with 
the syllables usually represented by these curved strokes, as 
the "r" hook is not attached to "ar," "way," "ith," "the." 



The syllables "mer" and "ner" are made heavy. 

The syllable "ler" is written upwards, commencing with 
a large hook. 



strokes and within large hooks only. 



It will be observed that the "r" hook can be expressed 
by both a large and a small hook. The syllables with large 
hooks express the sound of a vowel as ending the syllable, 
while the syllables with small hooks express the sound of 
"r" as the last sound heard in the syllable, all sounds blending 
with the consonant preceding, or commencing the syllable. 



The "s" circle and "st" loop may be added at the end of 
all u r" hook syllables, in the same way as on regular syllable 
strokes. 



"ft" HOOK SYLLABLES. 



per„V„ pra.iX.. ber„\~ bra„\~ ter„t„ tra.fl— 

der__3 dra._n cher__/!_ jer /_ ker„cr^„ 

kra_cTT ger.cr^ gra.crr fer_^__ fra.rT^ 

ver_f^„ ther r }__ thra__V_>_ sher_^^ shra^^Z. 

mer_£->- ner..^, prap„V_ _ brap__\ terp_ 1 

trap L„ drap I - cherp__/_.„ jerp__z kerp_f7^\__ 

krap_5_T\. gerp_f7!\^ grap_5IT\- ferp^rX^-- frap.f^v „ 

>_f5L„ therp 2 throp.O sherp_ J. preb„°\ 

„\_„ breb^.^V „ terb„ 1 treb„l „ derb. 1 „_ 
-_Q-— kerb_rTA_ krab JET\._ garb.fTX. grab„V-Y_ 
„*\„ freb_JlY _ verb„TY„ therb. 9 „ throb 9„_ 

sherb__^„ shreb^J?_„ perdi_J\__ prech__\ _ terch J„ 

trech )_ cherch _7_ jerch J?. kerchJlZL krech^Z^ gerchjy? 
grech_f_Z_ ferch_f^x__ frech.5\_. merch.tc — lerchj^T. 
j--\~ prej_J\„ berj_\„ brej„\ „ terj„ \ „_ 
j„ I).— jerj„ 7„ kerj.J^L krej^fiZ™ ferj ~-^_„ 
j„5X.. merj^.^„ nerj„^2L lerj„<£Z_ perk.fS^ 



verb 
berb_ 

dreb 
ferb 



perj 
trej 
frej 



prek_A=-*_ |)erk__V~_ brek__\_ terk j„_ trek 1 

derk__L drek__L kerk ±z. - - krek c, fork_ < T\_-» frek___\^- 

threk / shrek 2* merk r*\ lerk^J^TTT perg > LL 
preg.C^w. berg_A». breg.l\«^ terg._^Lr_, treg___]L»__ 

dreg- r |_ kreg.ci:: 1 : freg_f\__ shreg 2.-.- lerg.CZTT- 

merg ^ -^ perth__°\__ preth___V _ terth__ J treth J 

derth_ 1 dreth_ I kreth jL_ gerth_r_v_ greth__C__ 

ferth_JTX_ freth_5_\_ merth__X— nerth.^li. lerch_J^Z 

persh__!\_ pre.sh___ \___ tersh I tresh J 

dresh I -kersh„_^Z__ kresh ,^___ gersh____IZ 

gresh^^i^/ fersh LA fresh___T_\ _ thresh J ^ 

mersh 2„ nersh___3Z.-. lersh_C*^i_ perl__ J\_ _ prel_„\ 

berl__J\_ breL_A__ kerl__T7l__ krel__X--- gerl _£_-- 

grd„^Z. ferl.JfN freL_^_ therl__P___ threl. — 

merl /__ nerl„„JL_ lerL_0_/__ prear.JA^ brear__N^_ 

treati^n-^--- dreai Lg- grear A_ frear_A\, __ 

sherar ^?~- rnerar_____T_\_ mearar jv„prem___\rtr-v- 

term__i^^. trem_.u^. derm.^J^^ drem t=^_ grem_jcrO 

ferm__^\^r^ frem.lT\rr\.- preng.A^^... breng,!^,,^. 



98 



treng„_\_^„ dreng.J^-.,.- frangjf^^.. threng„Q_^._ 

prenk ^ hrenk y^ ^ trenk..^^^ drenk i^^y^.^ 

krenk_crv^rr_ frenkJ^^V-^— shrenk^ < Z r _ 

WORDS CONTAINING THE FOREGOING SYLLABLES. 

percale.^\v_ _ pravity.;Aj- berry_J\^ bracket__!\_..- 

terminate_l-=^_ traduce I dermis. %n> draggle y 

Jersey Z_ „ kerneLcr^^,.- dagger„.Vri cravet_5HV„_ 

gravity . c Er]k r w fercrcity^krjL_ fragile. S_^ verbaLJi^^ 

thermal. Sl=^ throttle J sherbet.^ shrubbery.^/ ' j 

mermaid.cr^ = *_ nourish _^_ propagate.;\_. abruptly „C\__ 

trapping..! drop L_ chirp._^x..^. carp_.fH\_ 

crape_„l2\_ gfip.^.A Thorp 9 Lathrop.j^Ti.^ 

sharp y probe.. .\_ barb \. bribe.. J\ , 

disturb h tribe.JSw- drab I curb_„X- crib \^ 

garb.^TIV- grab ^. Forbes. __^ frippery. „V v. 

verb.JTN throb Z shrub.. ^z. perch IV 

preach.Z. torch.. J treachery.. L . church. 7_ < 

crutch /... march.. ^/ lurch.. ZzA purge.. !\_„^ 



99 



prejudice.. \„ bridge. _,/.._. George. ^f„_ gorge _xl 

forge_J^ merge.. .^£... park..jv_^__ prick 

Burke.. !V»„ break„\_^„ Turk...! trick„™„ 

dirk I drake... Jl^. cork c: -„ crack.i 

fork _w^.. freak shriek.. _TH mark._o«r„ 

lark..6 purgatory l \ pregnable. A— ^^Hamburg 

intrigue drag_.X— „ crag_crrT2„ frog„J>L— ~-. 

shrug y troth. _l dearth. .A Hildreth.. _/<_£_._ 

girth.jTX— Grethel..5~[ „ forth...^... froth..^... 

rth JL north. . 4 ^L« trash V. cnish^.^^A credits J^Jl. 

-sh._.„_A thrash J marsh JL pearl 1^.-.- 

pearlyryf. burlesqueV^TumbreIlari^\^curl.rir. curly jc=(L 
girl.!?: motlgreir^^grill.^ furl.^. frill.^.. IhrfflLyL- 

Merle £_.. prayer.^^ brier.JT^ betrayer^X— 

drear „!, crier. grayer l.j friar :>.„ 

shearer. .«^_. nearer JL promenade, j^-r*^ term i<r*.-_ 

tremble trr*- dQrmitory.Jc-=s-„ dream grim m 

firm.lNov. frame..l>r^ prong_.\^_^. bring 



mi 
fresh 



ioo 



trinket. __T^I_ drinker throng.^4^ prank__\. 

brink ._ trunk. _ 4^__^__ drink crank.cT 

Frank „\_^= 



shrunk ^/^ , decrease escrow \ 



The "s" circle may be written within the "r" hook on 
curved strokes. 



smear sneer severe 



.JTX. snarl.. _L 

smirk slur._<£_ 



WORD-SIGNS. 



appear principle !N practice CS. - truth J 



true. 



JL doctor.. ... dear j during T_ 



each are which are../. danger Jr larger 7... 

cure care c-rr. occur. degree from.„L._ 

every very.JlN. their J they are.. 4 ) 

other. J\ pleasure /_ measure Q Mr. 

remark more...^^. - humor 

manner £-<__ owner merciful... >-. remarkable 



coirect character.c-rrrr everything^N-- proper. fV— 

property \ probable \ probability A. 

practical.. !\ courageous ZTdL universe. J^^. 

universal ^V^I- y° ur favor ^C.._ 

TOT 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



purr, pry, burr, burly, birdie, Brady, Burney, brainy, Terry, 
trolley, teacher, preacher, Jerry, kernel, cranium, girdle, 
gravy, furtile, frugal, fervid, frazzle, thirty, glazier, Gilmer, 
nurse, purse, terse, tress, press, cur, cried, gray, great, treat, 
treaty, traded, dinner, banner, refer, fry, fried, vibrate, Rich- 
ard, Detroit, burner, reaper, tanner, lunar, wager, preacher, 
broke, church, Murphy, normal, rumor, cheaper, lover, taper, 
labor, neighbor, Gaynor, cater, gutter, chatter, batter, verge, 
nourish, nurture, nerve, marble, morgue, murmur, hammer, 
Hebrew, tenor, brow, traitor, crow, odor, prairie, trial, paper, 
euchre, terminate, trapper, archer, maker, baker, taker, rocker, 
river, fisher, tighter, tutor, butter, crutch, crater, courteous, 
courtesy, dredge, price, market, proposed, regarding crushers, 
prison, person, proceedings, inform, form, frame, charge, 
terminus, increase, treating, purchase, cargo, birds, presume, 
trap, paper, imported, parcels, vertical, ferry, record, drills, 
engineer, armature, alternating, makers, perceptible, percent- 
age, Thursday, indicator, percent, present, endorsed, sulphur, 
free, copper, flashers, approximate, collar, scholar. 



SENTENCES. 

He has a remarkable personality. The doctor said he 
was the owner of the automobile that injured the baker. 

Dear Sir: Your favor of the 10th inst. received. I am 
sending you to-day a crate of fowls to be cared for until they 
are called for by the owner. I am enclosing invoice and 
bill of lading, which please file. Please advise me as soon 
as the birds arrive. Trusting to hear from you, I am, 

Yours truly. 

Dear Sir: We acknowledge receipt of your favor giving 
nautical miles from the Battery to various places, and thank 
you for your prompt reply to our request. Yours truly. 

102 



LESSON TWENTY 

"SPER" SYLLABLES. 

When "s" precedes the syllables "per," "ber," "ter," "der," 
"cher," "sjer," "sker," "sger" the circle is written on the 
"r" hook side of the syllable stem, closing the "r" hook, and 
forming the syllables "sper," 'sber," "ster," "sder," "scher," 
"sjer," "sker," "sger." This principle will not conflict with 
the "s" circle syllables, as the "s" circle is always written on 
the right side of downward strokes, left side of upward 
strokes, and upper side of horizontal strokes. 

WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

spree, spry, spray, stray, straight, street, stream, spring, 
strike, scrape, struggle, prosper, destroy, distress, screw, 
scribe, stretcher, scrupulous, strip, extreme, sprig. 

SENTENCES. 

She saw a straight stream near the spring. 

In distress she struggled to express the surprise she felt 
at the magistrate for exaggerating the facts of the case. 

The scrupulous lady was disturbed by the news-boys 
shouting about the extra papers on the street. 

The spray from the stream added moisture to the air. 

She stretched the string across the straight street at the 
extreme corner. 

BUSINESS LETTER 

Dear Sir: 

We have your favor of the 28th inst, and wish to state 
that our stock and buildings were destroyed by fire on the 
15th, last. We would like to have you send us an itemized 
statement showing debits and credits of everything of ours that 
is on your books. On receipt of same we will check it up and 
cheque will be sent in the course of a few days. 

Yours truly, 

103 



SYLLABLES FORMED BY CLOSING THE "R" HOOK ON 
STRAIGHT AND SLANTING STEMS ONLY. 

sper A spert__A ster J stert 1 scher -v /--J 

schert Z„ sker_.ar^-.._ skert srr-- sger.jrt:,-- sgert_jrz-. 

spres.JAa sprets.JNcL.. stres L„ strets % mmmm skers.^crd 

sherts ^_ strep JL streps 1 skerp I\„ 

skerps..^ \>_ strech J skerch r_/l„ sperj f\ 

sterj J skerj /.„ sprem„_\<n>„ strem Jc^ i 

strems Jc* skrem arr^TL- skrems__<rrC3L spreng^\_^. 

streng J^ skreng_<7r^**. 

WORDS FORMED FROM ABOVE SYLLABLES. 



spry sprite spur___^\ spurts. SV. 



_NL stray r straight \* skirt.it: 



spray, 

skirts sr!i_ scream. _* screams scratch •„. 



stress. 



4 r' t 4 

_b street streets straps 4--- 



scraps.JTT^.. stretch__ ? stream _„_ 



104 



When any of the "sper" syllables occur in the middle of a 
word, the circle and hook are written separately. 

exaggerate.. ~^_ disturb C express. ."TT^^-. 

distribute _L^_ magistrate C^fc. 

When found more legible, the large "tra" hook may be used 
insted of "ster." 



strata .1 sturdy 7 scorch /.. scratch.....//. 



spurt f\. sprite.. 



::i- 



WORD-SIGNS. 



express surprise. __\a-. suppress.?^ __ external J 

describe secure <jm~ consider I sister _i 



105 



LESSON TWENTY-ONE 



'N" HOOK SYLLABLES. 



The sound of "n" when ending a syllable is expressed by 
a small hook placed at the end of all syllables on the LEFT 
side of DOWNWARD strokes, and LOWER side of HORI- 
ZONTAL strokes, the opposite side to that on which the "f" 
hook is placed. The "n" hook can be attached to all syl- 
lable stems, differing from the "f" hook, which is attached to 
straight and slanting strokes only. 



When the sound of "s" follows an "n" hook syllable, the 
circle is written on the "n" hook side of straight and slanting 
strokes, closing the "n" hook to express "ns." On curved 
strokes it is written within the "n" hook. 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

pain, Spain, pansy, banjo, bandbox, bandit, bandy, bantam, 
tenant, tend, tendency, tennis, tense, tenth, tenure, tinge, 
dandy, density, dental, chance, joiner, enjoin, disjoin, candy, 
skinny, dance, danced, chanced, fans, lines, mens, pertaining, 
department, engine, ton, tonnage, bonds, documents, amount, 
machine, depend, beacons, obtain, promontory, written, origin, 
accordance, guaranteed, bending, specimens, taken, balance, 
assistance, mine, response, line, resistance, evidence, payment, 
funds, depending, wooden, demanding, manufacturers, memo- 
random, American, kind, shipment, discount, ocean, agency, 
appointed, certain, thirteen, cartons, finest, ornithological, 
menace, Elgin, stand, pound, obtain, cotton, abundant, ben- 
zoate, fountain, organ, Oregon, gallon, standard, cement, 
supplement, benefit, means, outline, outlined, London, reckon, 
yarn, mitten, linen, lingerie, plain, bones, serpentine, buttons, finish, 
unfinished, experiments, garments, decline, splendid, harden, 
iron, Boston, spinning, minimum, turpentine, mineral, wagon, 
endorsement, pending, installment, applicant, joining, retain, 
thence, fence, lance, insure, substance, Nevins, flattened, 
fatten. 

106 



SYLLABLES FORMED WITH "N" HOOK. 



pen ben ten den chen jen ken gen ren 



\ 


..A... _1— - J- 


___</___</_. 





.^...ZL 


hen 


fen ven then 
_Ao___V_.__.i- 


esn shen 

) J 


zhen 

J 


len arm 



men nen wayn yean tenj penth tenth denth 

--^--A-V-<M~- 



-*-* "v_r>- 



"N" HOOK SYLLABLES FOLLOWED BY SOUND OF "S" 
(Closing hook on straight and slanting stems) . 

pens bens tens dens chens jeris kens gens 

_____.A_J ___________=_____. 

rens hens fens vens thens shens lens arns 

.__<^____W__^____A_____^____^___:a_ 



mens nens wayns yeans 

<__ ^ C 



107 



On shortened syllables the "s" circle is read last. 

pents bents tents dents chents jents kents 
—A. ^ d J &L q/ z^.. 

gents rents hents fents vents thents shents 

-JSSL_-_^ 1^ ^ te^— -6 js/_ 

lents ments nents waynts yeants 
-£L ^ ^ > --£ 



WORDS CONTAINING ABOVE SYLLABLES. 

pan jt pants ^ ten__jl._ tents__J dandy J 

dents J chain &c„- chants. ..^/L Jane j/l 

jaunt cane_rt^2 caned__rp__. rain_^._ rained. ^41. 



hen.^Tl hunt.^ Henry. .*£_ fancy. _S^\ fins * 

iaints__\&__. shown c^~r- shines loan../... lend /?__ 

iron men.^rs— meant. _^__ wane a... yawn.r. 

COMPARISONS BETWEEN "n" HOOK AND "ny." 

pen.__^__ penny JV^ tone i"„ Tony.J^. Jane..*/.. 



Jennie.^^.. fun. Va.. funny V^_,. nine.^f*.. ninny. _ 

A, ^^ / . ^ 

mine * Minnie ^._^-- shown. __ca shiny.. 



1 08 



MONTHS OF THE YEAR. 



January..^.. February. V^.,. March /t April. f\^T- 

May_.<rr* .June c^_„ July.. Ar_._ August ^ 

SeptemberSrzN- October Jifi- November7\^r> December.. <n>- 



WORD-SIGNS. 



happen 



punishment..^ spoken. ^> behind 

if J 
could not„-3^„ better not_\^.. is at hand. did not 

don't vi do not j , general _ imagine /_. 

question. questions , questionable a. begin..." 

begun, jrra_. began . remittance within. 



men man.^^> human circumstances xl 

circumstance.. J. consequent consequence 

correspond *L_i correspondence. „ . 2. ... remain ^T„. 

deliverance J finance . financial .. gentlemen 



season responsible. ^r^TV advance. JL-. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



Gentlemen : 

We hand you herewith statement of your account. 
Owing to our great loss we now ask you to make every effort 
to help us out of our shortage by sending us your check as per 
statement herewith at your earliest possible moment. 

Yours truly, 

Gentlemen : 

We hand you herewith statement of your account 
which is somewhat overdue. At this time we must urgently 
ask that you give our request a favorable response, and remit as 
per statement herewith. 

Thanking you for your many favors, and particularly 
this one, in advance, we beg to remain, 

Very truly, 



LESSON TWENTY-TWO 



"W" HOOK SYLLABLES. 



The syllables having the sound of "w" which we have 
taken up so far in our work, have been syllables commencing 
with "w" followed by a simple vowel, expressed by semi- 
circles. 

The syllables we take up in this lesson have the sound 
of "w" in conjunction with consonants. 

The sound of "w" in the syllables ^twa," "dwa," "kwa," 
"gwa," is expressed by a large hook, written at the beginning 
of the syllable stems. This large hook is placed on the right 
side of the two downward strokes, and on the upper side of 
the horizontal. 

The sound of "w" in the syllable "wel" is expressed by 
a small hook, written within the curve, the syllable being 
struck upward. 

The sound of "w" in the syllable "wer" is expressed by 
a small hook, written to the left of the upward stroke "ry." 

The sound of "w" in the syllables "wem" and "wen" is 
expressed by a small hook written within the curved strokes. 
The difference between the syllables "mer" and "ner," and 
the syllables "wim" and "win" is that "mer" and "ner" are 
made heavy, and the syllables "wem" and "wen" are light 
strokes. 

This lesson requires a great deal of study. 

The syllables must be thoroughly understood, memorized, 
and practiced, in order not to confuse them with other syl- 
lables already taken up. They should be compared, and 
practiced until the correct form for each syllable can be in- 
stantly written. 

in 



"W" HOOK SYLLABLES. 



twa dwa kwa gwa whel wel wer wem wen 

Jl_JL.£_.fc».^:__<C_ 



twed dwed kwed gwed weld werd wemd 

___C _£ c £=-. <r _c/_._„o_. 

wend twes dwes skwes sgwes swel swer swem 



w 

swen 


tweds 


_t? ^_. 

dwets 


_£>_ v_- 

kwets 


welts 


werts 


wemd 


_ £L^._-. 


c 


G 


ass 


^ 


c^ 


„£} 


wends 


skwas 


sgwa 


swels 


swers 


kwip 


kweb 


<lj> 


<e^j> 


.___€«. 


<? 


_*!.. 


..."rx. 


_i>k. 



kwech kwek gwek twich twek tweg welp 
whelp welch welj welk welg werk werg wemp 

.^\_....^z..__^_.ir:_._(C:__^:.-^r.. 



.errs.. 



dwel twel kweth kwel skwel twing twerl 



112 



whem whemp twest dwest kwest gwest welst 
„.!V^„„ < ^^v b A. <^=? £^=>_„_^. 

werst wenst world kwem 
„ j^l ^<:2 c^_^3^ 

WORDS. 

twaddle 1 twice r.__ twitter...]. twilight.. 11 „ 

<- ^ e 

/|iiarif_(^ :u quadruple J . quakerJC^crr. squeekj.. 

squash.ZIZ quiver wilderness ... 



equator.^c^L^ quarto_TT2\__ quadrille_~X_ swindle 



queen 



tweezers. 



WORD-SIGNS. 



we will whilev,__ well £. when .. 

whence we are where.. */. wear„</_ 

_.y^l. require.,,/... requirement^/. wherewith _e_T- 



aware 

wherever. 4<r„ inquire commonwealth 

onward forward. _S*/f. whereof.cx^TL wherefore.^c_j^ 

113 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 



twinkle, twiddle, twice, twang, tweak, tweed, dwill, twill, 
qualify, quadruple, quail, quake, quality, qualm, quarry, quart, 
quarter, quarterly, quartz, weld, welfare, well, welter, wench, 
whale, Welsh, whelm, whelp, window, swim, words, wind, 
twice, squeeze, swelter, swear, queak, twitch, tweak, whelp 
(aspirate "h"), dwell, worry, twinge, worst, quest, twist, 
whilst, linquist, wool, Will. 



SENTENCES. 

While you are busy we will go to the wharf to see the 
ship. 

We are sure he will find a sale for the squash if he will 
sell them for a quarter of a dollar apiece. The twill is of 
quadruple quality and shall be made into a Quaker costume 
for the queen, to wear at the fancy ball. 

BUSINESS LETTER. 

Dear Sir: 

We have an inquiry for ash cans, plain galvanized, with- 
out staves; capacity to be 28 gallons; no covers. Kindly let 
us have your best prices on these cans, in dozen lots, and 
oblige. 

Yours truly, 



114 



LESSON TWENTY-THREE 

THE "SHUN" HOOK. 

The sound of "shun" is expressed by a large hook which 
may be written at the end of all syllable stems. It expresses 
the syllables "tion," "sion," "cion," "dan," which end such a 
large number of words. It can be placed on either side of 
straight or slanting stems, but must always be written within 
curved strokes. 

When attached to syllables commencing with an "s" 
circle, loop, or hook, the "shun" hook is generally written on 
the opposite side of the stem to that on which the circle, 
loop, or hook is placed. The "s" circle when following the 
syllable "shun" is placed on the inside of the hook. 

When the syllable "shun" follows "s," "ses," or "ns," 
the large hook is not written, the sound of "shun" being ex- 
pressed by continuing the circle half-way on the other side 
of the stem. The circle and small hook can be called "sition" 
for convenience. 

WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

education, deduction, visionary, elimination, assimilation, 
discussion, rations, legislation, speculation, extortion, desig- 
nation, selection, disposition, imposition, incision, indecision, 
revolution, proposition, requisition, requisitions, quotation, 
operation, inspection, restrictions, gravitation, foundation, 
location, application, fiction, functional, declaration, corporation, 
decoration, mission, preparations, proportion, variation, edition, 
notification, stipulation, revision, demonstration, elongation. 

SENTENCES. 

The lawyer asked for information in regard to the cross 
examination and expressed dissatisfaction at the publication 
of the case. 

The papers of incorporation were returned with the ap- 
plication attached to a stipulation relating to a declaration 
with a request for proper revision in the manner specified. 

BUSINESS LETTER. 
Dear Sir: 

I herewith enclose specification and plan for the instal- 
lation of an aerial ropeway, to be erected from the terminus 
of the Harvard Line to the Government Pumping Station. 
Bids to close January 9th, 1915. Yours truly, 

115 



PRONUNCIATION OF SYLLABLES ENDING 
WITH "SHUN:" 

peshun o .- beshun o teshun._jj 

deshun J cheshun_____/Z jeshun.___<^ 

keshun no geshun.jm? reshun.^ heshun g£__ 

feshun.\j>-_ veshun.ACL ithshun C theshun Jo 

leshun l_ arshun__u_ meshun.^r^>__ neshun.^^o-- 

washun 1^ yeshun Cl 



COMPARISON OF WORDS SHOWING HOW THE 
"SHUN" HOOK IS ADDED: 



stay t station Jl no ^„ notion -^. 

loy*..^L.^ lotion. J!^. ray /i„ ration. ._^j.. 



The "shun" hook may be written in the middle of words, 
dictionary^ additional _|_. auctioneer. -r-r^ optional.. V. 



r 3 

The "shun hook is generally placed on the side oppo- 
site to a vowel, circle, loop, or hook. 

section. !hrD.. portion. .\^_ relation JLcL „ depletion. 4— 

recollection _.<^_. expression J^Cl specification ..J^.. 

proportion _\\ 

116 



When the sound of "s" follows the sound of "shun" the 
"s" circle is written within the hook. 



sections, j 1 ^}. sessions. 21 operations S\y? formation sl^r^ 

execution s.-^e^>_._ presentations. _V_. locations./ 

dedication I 

The "shun" hook is always written within CURVES. 

novation Itlo-- invasion fashion __Vj>._. nation. ^_^__ 



nomination Ki - y *-* i elevation. _/f. injunction.^?., function 



S-2 function^ 



^^> 



When the sound of "tiori"' follow u.o sound of "s," 
"ses," "st," "ns," it is written by continuing the circle half- 
way on the other side of the stem. 

The circle and small hook formed in this manner is 
called the "sition" hook. 

physician decision precision. _j_. cessation.^) 

accusation ... . possession _J^p._ position. _Se. sensations Su^jy. 

WORD-SIGNS. 

objection ..Nj.. attention. J generation.. &_. mention _ ^r\ . 

information..^ situation.. lL satisfaction. _P r _ J . 

publication. \_ examination. /Ci— consideration __.Ll_^ 

dissatisfaction ]q your communication G_ 

cross examination .<cdG>- illustrations dimension 

reduction.. invention 



117 



LESSON TWENTY-FOUR 



TRIPLE CONSONANT SYLLABLES. 

A triple consonant syllable is a syllable that commences 
and ends with a hook, thereby placing three consonant sounds 
in one syllable. 

A vowel placed before a syllable stem beginning and 
ending with a hook, is read before the stem and the hooks. 
A vowel placed after a syllable stem commencing and end- 
ing with a hook, is read after the initial hook and before the 
final hook. 

Triple consonant syllables may be intervocalized by plac- 
ing a dash vowel or diphthong through the syllable stem; 
vowels so placed are read between the initial hook and the 
syllable stem. 

WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

equipment, twine, assistance, approved, quotation, proportion, 
sustaining, vibration, geographic, designations, precision, 
decline, vocalize, vocalization, visionary, aggression, cleaves, 
flounce, cleanses, cleans, cleansed, bronze, trounced, trounces, 
prance, prances, pranced, trance, trances, glance, glances, 
striving, driving, frown, flown, briefer, print, printed, plant, 
planted, quincy, quince, quinces. 

SENTENCES. 

After a long deliberation the superintendent stated that 
the blunder was unfortunately made by his secretary. 

She frowned and glanced at the torn flounce on her gown. 

He approved of the report of the geographic survey made 
of that section of the State. 

He planted the branches of the quince tree and had a 
visionary idea they would grow. 

A knowledge of shorthand added to her equipment as 
a secretary caused her to be promoted. 

118 



SYLLABLES COMMENCING AND ENDING WITH A HOOK. 

pelf__\j__ plef.Sv-- belf___\,__ blef__So_. tdf._JL~ 

<lelf___L. chelf jelf__^__ kalv^.sw,. klef__c_>__ 

galv_£ a._ glev.^,-^. perf__\L__ pref \a__ berf_.__\j-- 

bref_.\_. terf__l__ tref L_ cherf £___ jerf__£. 

kerv_j~L_ krev_„cri_ gerf__o^-f_ gref__CTf_ speri__Ai 

spref A>__ stref__l skerf__srrf_ skref.^T-- peln _^.. 

plen__jk__ beln__ JS__ blen__j^ teln J deln J 

cheln </ jeln__c/_ klen„_c^-^_ glen ^ _, flen__:s?___ 

vein X*-- theln__ig sheln__o^l_ meln__C~5_ neln.c~_-a- 

reln_£/__ pern___\._ pren _S_ bern ^ bren a 

tern 1 tren__J chern (/_ jern__r£__ kern__CI?._ 

kren_cr3>_.. gern__CT3_ gren _*—».._ fern__Vb fren ,A__ 

thern J shern ±1 mern_.o,. nern_.sL- a.- lern__G_ 

spern _Ji spren i stern J stren \ 

scern srt?_-_ sjern___<^_ skern jjm__ skren^.CI 3 . 

twef Al__ dwef V__ kwef_d— a.- gwef_.C««p_ werf.^. 

wherf.^/ _ twen 1 dwen__J kwen.CL-^. gwen.C-«>. 

weln__j£T wern j^l fc- sperns.JC^.. sprens___^ 

strens. J skerns,_smL ferns _L^> therns A 

merns cr^_ lerns jfe. 



119 



WORDS CONTAINING ABOVE SYLLABLES. 

bluff \j delve f calve.* *.. cliff. ^Tri. glove, jt^a. 

deprave. _j^_. brief : turf._l; , curve. ^r2. crave^CTL. 

It ^ ^ 

strife scarf.^r^f-- graff.^rfL. plan..2>_. plenty. .:n . 

Blaine J3L : clean.. J glean. ^TL mellon..CT>.-._ 

prune.. J^ born...\... branches }> torn.. J 

trench. JJ„. corn__<n?„ green.cr?„ fern.^-- quaff.C^. 

wharf. -y£. twenty. .J queen.." worn <^l 

spurn... .Jl.. sprains 3 strains J1-- scorns. .<TI2 

ferns t^.- frownsfl^ thorns.d.. mourns.^, learns. 0_ 

WORD-SIGNS. 

blunder.. JV- certain..^.- compliance darken 3 

deliberation. _ J ,. . determine. . Ji determination. . Jh 

ordinary.. J each will have which will have_.^£ 

eternal 1 fortunate larger than. .2.. shorthand 

significance significant. superintendent.^.. 



s 



unfortunate it will have secretary a^/l transfer.. L 



120 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 



Gentlemen : 

Kindly let us have your best quotation on one 
Compression Tank System as shown on page 118 of your 
catalogue L, complete with measures. Engine to be 3 J / 2 
horse power. 

Yours truly, 



Gentlemen : 

We have your advice that you have in stock 
one wheel, as described in your favor of the 21st ultimo. 
Kindly send this to us by express at the earliest possible mo- 
ment, with additional wheels on order. 

Yours truly, 



Gentlemen : 

Kindly advise when shipment will be made of order 
now in your hands for twenty kegs of special nails. 
Our customer is urging us for delivery, and threatens can- 
cellation, so we trust that you will advise us that nails have 
already gone forward. 

Yours truly, 



121 



LESSON TWENTY-FIVE 



"IN," "EN," "UN" TWIST. 



When the syllables "in," "un," "en," precede any of the 
"sper" series of syllables, or the syllables "sen," "sesh," "ser," 
"sem," the syllables "in," "en," "un," may be expressed by 
a small twist or half circle, turned on the opposite side from 
the "s" circle that begins the above syllables. This small 
twist or curl may be written in any convenient manner to 
form the following syllable. 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

unscrutable, unsearchable, unseemly, unsettle, unsightly, 
unscrew r , unscrupulous, insolubility, insobriety, unseemly, un- 
solicited, superannuate, supercillious, superdominate, superla- 
tive, superannuate, superinduce, superior, supercede, super- 
stition, supervene, supervise, supervisor. 



BUSINESS LETTERS. 

Gentlemen : 

Your account has now reached a point where we 
are not in a position to extend future time We there- 
fore will give you until next Monday to make remit- 
tance. If same is not in our hands by that time action will 
be taken without delay. 

Yours truly, 

Gentlemen : 

Replying to yours of the 10th, you may tie in one bundle 
the three Extra Heavy Malleable Tees and forward same via 
American Express. You may also secure the heavy Malleable 
Ells at earliest moment and forward them when they arrive. 

Yours truly, 

122 



SYLLABLES COMMENCING WITH "IN," "EN," "UN." 

insper. J^y insber. j^ inster j1_ *_ insder J 

tascher. /? insjer. _ &1 _ _ insker insger 

iiisen insesh__ ?l_ insem inserj^x _ insel__/r". 

WORDS CONTAINING ABOVE SYLLABLES. 

inspiration. f\^/ __ instrument. _ T unstrung. .Y 

instruction. J. _ inscribingj>3i\ . insult. ^rr„ insolent. /^..^ 
insolvent .yt^Aj- insomnia answer. ^ix. 



The syllable "super" is expressed by placing an "st" loop 
on the "r" hook side of a svllable-stroke. 



WORDS COMMENCING WITH THE SYLLABLES "SUPERS 

supervise_\ . supervene. _v supercede. jv>_. superintend .A.„ 

WORD-SIGNS. 
in expressing in describing in securing. _&m_-. 



we are 



not in consideration.!/ unseasonable, i 



.^/. . unscriptural C„ 



unselfish ^i ^ unscriptural. 

123 



LESSON TWENTY-SIX 



LENGTHENING PRINCIPLE. 



Any curved stroke may add the syllables 
or "ther," by simply lengthening the curved stem double its 
usual length. For convenience these lengthened strokes are 
read as though the syllable "ter" followed, but it must be 
understood that any one of the three syllables "ter," "der," 
or "ther," is expressed by the lengthening principle. Con- 
text of the sentence will easily give the correct pronunciation. 



WRITE FOR CORRECTION. 

father, mother, surrender, calendar, cucumber, chamber, 
matter, smatter, wonderful, anger. 



BUSINESS LETTER. 

Dear Sir: We beg to acknowledge receipt of your let- 
ter of the 21st enclosing order No. 345. We are sending you 
enclosed sample of the heaviest galvanized hardware cloth 
that can be furnished in mesh. The regular hardware cloth 
does not come any finer than No. 10 mesh, w r hich would make 
the mesh a little less than 1-8 inch. 

Yours truly, 

Kindly advise us which of these you can use and we will 
enter your order for same with as little delay as possible, 

Gentlemen : We have your order of the 18th covering 
one lock set, Concord, Finish 11, as per your requisition. 
This requisition on our books reads "as per contract/' How- 
ever, we think that your order calls for one cylinder front 
door lock, and we are ordering same. 

Yours very truly, 

124 



LENGTHENED CURVES ADDING "TER," "DER" or "THERJ 

fetter. V vetter V thetter ( setter^.} 

shett^r -— /- metter^rr^r^^ letter ./^__. order j, 



A lengthened "emp," "emb" adds "per," "ber." 
temper J^^ lumber /TL-aamperlc-r^s jumper/rr^s camper^ 

A lengthened "ang" adds 'leer" or "gen" 
anger. ^.... ,. longeryT^mT tinker. \^^,.. clinker. 



Hooked stems may be lengthened in the same way as 
plain stems. 



flatter. JL_ murder,^r^r\wonder<^_^ shelter. _J further. 

Comparison between words, showing how the lengthen- 
ing principle adds complete syllables. 



send. 



lay./!. later. A laugh /T3^_ laughter/TL.. 

XT /v C* C* 

sender.< i_._^ lie.. lighter..; . sly slighter. 



tender.] order. 



LESSON TWENTY-SEVEN 

AFFIXES, PREFIXES, EXPEDIENTS. 

When, the syllables "com," "con," "cog" commence a 
word they are indicated by- a dot, written at the beginning 
of the word; the dot should be placed before the outline of 
the word is written. 

"compose/' __X>__ "conduce," ^__ "cognition."- _J 



When "com," "con," "cog" occur in the middle of a 
word they are expressed by separating the preceding from the 
following portion as in t 

"accommodate," Iil_ "incomplete," _Jk_ "recognition." </& 

The syllables "ing-Iy" may be expressed^by, a disjoined 
"ang," 

"exceedingly," ~rf_ "accordingly," "obligingly." A 

The syllables "counter," "contra," "contri" are expressed 
by a small slanting tick written just before the word, as in 

"countermarch," _A. "contradict," _| , "controversy." .J?^ 

The syllables "circum" and "self" aire expressed by a 
disjoined "s" circle, written close to the word, as in 

"circumvent," fSl_ "self-respect, 77 '.S^k. "self-concrous." _J^_ 



The syllables "lessness" may be expressed by a disjoined 
"ses" circle, as in the words 



"carelessness,"' cr-ja"thoughtlessness,"^JL "harmlessness." 

The syllable "selves" may be expressed by an "ses" circle 

joined to the word, as in 



"ou 



rselves," __l!L. "themselves." „-JQl- 



The syllables "inter," "intro," "anti," when commencing 
a word may be expressed by a shortened "en," as in 

"interview," ____T^T "antiseptic." ^\ _ 

126 



The syllables "magni," "magna," are expressed bv a dis- 
joined syllable, "mi," as in 

"magnify," __^I3ik. "magnitude." ___nL 



The syllable "ship," or word "shipment," may be ex- 
pressed by a disjoined "ish," as in 

"friendship," __I^L "courtship," _srX- "ownership." _<^L_ 

The syllables "bleness" are expressed by a disjoined "bes." 
The syllables "fulness" are expressed by a disjoined "fes." 
The syllables "iveness" are expressed by a disjoined "ves." 

corruptibleness, ____/V_ salableness, __^T_^? 

sinfulness, „ extensiveness. ~fi 

The syllables "mental" are expressed by a disjoined "ment," 
"supplemental" § "instrumental" _JJj> 

The ending "hood" is expressed by "di," usually joined. 

The ending "tility," or "tality" is expressed by a dis- 
joined "ti." 

The ending "barity" is expressed by a disjoined "bi." 

The ending "olQgy" is expressed by a disjoined "ja." 



fidelity, barbarity, phraseology, mythology, physiology, 

V 



*, Xx -\ V 



womanhood. <r^ 



127 



An intersecting "ti" indicates the word "attention" as in 
"your attention." tl 

An intersecting "ka" indicates the word "company" ; "Oil 
Company." _ 

An intersecting "ish" indicates the word "Association" 
"Brokers' Association." _JV^f 

An intersecting "sy" indicates the word "Society" ; "Sun- 
shine Society." Js?l 

An intersecting "ry" indicates the word "Railway"; 
"Southern Railway." ^-&- 

An intersecting "di" indicates the word "Department"; 
"Mailing Department." *t^/H 

An intersecting "bi" indicates the word "Bank"; "Na- 
tional Bank." „_vj^JT„-- 

128 



Lesson 


I. 


Lesson 


II. 


Lesson 


III. 


Lesson 


IV. 


Lesson 


V. 


Lesson 


VI. 


Lesson 


VII. 


Lesson 


VIII. 


Lesson 


IX. 


Lesson 


X. 


Lesson 


XL 


Lesson 


XII. 


Lesson 


XIII. 


Lesson 


XIV. 


Lesson 


XV. 


Lesson 


XVI. 


Lesson 


XVII. 


Lesson 


XVIII. 


Lesson 


XIX. 


Lesson 


XX. 


Lesson 


XXI. 


Lesson 


XXII. 


Lesson 


XXIII. 


Lesson 


XXIV. 


Lesson 


XXV. 


Lesson 


XXVI. 


Lesson 


XXVII 



INDEX 

PAGE 

Syllables expressed by single straight 

and slanting strokes 7 

Syllables expressed by single curved 

strokes 16 

Shortened syllables 21 

Word-Signs and Sentences 24 

Long Vowels — Phrasing 26 

The Diphthongs 33 

Short Vowels 37 

Syllables formed by joining strokes. -41 
Syllables formed by joining straight 

and curved strokes 48 

Syllables formed by joining two 

curved strokes 59 

Syllables commencing and ending 

with "s" circle 64 

"Ses" circle syllables TO 

Syllables commencing with "st" loop 73 

"Ster" loop syllable 77 

Aspirate "h," "ing" dot, disjoined 

syllables 79 

The coalescents 83 

The "1" hook syllables 88 

The "f" or "v" hook syllables ....... 94 

The "r" hook syllables 96 

The "sper" syllables 103 

The V hook syllables 106 

The "w" hook syllables Ill 

The "shun" hook syllables 115 

Triple consonant syllables 118 

The "in," "en," "un" twist syllables. . 122 

Lengthening syllables 124 

Affixes, prefixes, expedients 126 

129 



